Wandala Abali, Ikram Naila, Safiullah Maryam Binte, Soomro Azeem Hussain, Mashayekhi Yashar, Nawasrah Amal M, Ali Aisha, Tariq Nayyab, Malik Rida, Jamshed Shehrezad, Fatima Mishal
Interventional Cardiology, Mission Vascular and Vein Institute, Mission, USA.
Medicine, Universidad Adventista del Plata, Libertador San Martín, ARG.
Cureus. 2025 Jul 13;17(7):e87818. doi: 10.7759/cureus.87818. eCollection 2025 Jul.
Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are a cluster of musculoskeletal and functional disorders of the jaw joint and associated muscles, frequently associated with pain, stress, and decreased quality of life. More recent literature emphasizes a strong correlation between symptoms of TMD and poor sleep quality, but the literature is limited in diverse adult populations. This study explores the interaction between sleep quality and TMD symptoms, as well as the demographic variables of age, gender, and marital status.
We enrolled 385 adults in this cross-sectional study from both general and dental outpatient departments in Islamabad, Pakistan. To assess TMD symptoms, we used the Fonseca Anamnestic Index (FAI), and we measured sleep quality using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Data collection was conducted between February 2025 and April 2025. Data were analyzed using IBM Corp. Released 2017. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 26.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp., including descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation, Mann-Whitney U tests, Kruskal-Wallis H tests, and ordinal logistic regression.
The total sample (N = 385) consisted of 182 men (47%), 150 women (39%), and 53 participants (14%) who did not wish to have their gender revealed. The largest age group was 18-25 years (N = 275; 71%). There was a strong positive association between PSQI and FAI scores (r = 0.223, p-value < 0.001), indicating that lower sleep quality was associated with more severe TMD symptoms. Participants who were not taking medication (N = 106, 28%) reported worse scores than those taking medication (N = 279, 72%). The regression analysis indicated that TMD severity was substantially predicted by PSQI scores (B = 0.119, p-value < 0.001).
This research highlights a significant association between poor sleep quality and heightened TMD symptom severity in adults. Demographic variables, such as age, gender, and marital status, also influenced these results. These results suggest the utility of sleep evaluation in diagnosing TMD and the development of multidisciplinary treatment protocols. The use of a longitudinal research design that incorporates objective sleep assessment and psychological measures is recommended for future studies to examine causal pathways.
颞下颌关节紊乱病（TMDs）是一组颌关节及相关肌肉的肌肉骨骼和功能紊乱疾病，常伴有疼痛、压力和生活质量下降。最近的文献强调TMD症状与睡眠质量差之间有很强的相关性，但该文献在不同成年人群中的研究有限。本研究探讨睡眠质量与TMD症状之间的相互作用，以及年龄、性别和婚姻状况等人口统计学变量。
我们在巴基斯坦伊斯兰堡的综合门诊和牙科门诊对385名成年人进行了这项横断面研究。为评估TMD症状，我们使用了丰塞卡问诊指数（FAI），并使用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）测量睡眠质量。数据收集于2025年2月至2025年4月进行。使用IBM公司2017年发布的IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows，版本26.0进行数据分析。纽约州阿蒙克：IBM公司，包括描述性统计、Spearman相关性分析、Mann-Whitney U检验、Kruskal-Wallis H检验和有序逻辑回归分析。
总样本（N = 385）包括182名男性（47%）、150名女性（39%）和53名不愿透露性别的参与者（14%）。最大年龄组为18 - 25岁（N = 275；71%）。PSQI与FAI评分之间存在强正相关（r = 0.223，p值 < 0.001），表明睡眠质量越低，TMD症状越严重。未服药的参与者（N = 106，28%）的评分比服药的参与者（N = 279，72%）更差。回归分析表明，PSQI评分可显著预测TMD的严重程度（B = 0.119，p值 < 0.001）。
本研究强调了成年人睡眠质量差与TMD症状严重程度增加之间的显著关联。年龄、性别和婚姻状况等人口统计学变量也影响了这些结果。这些结果表明睡眠评估在TMD诊断和多学科治疗方案制定中的作用。建议未来的研究采用纵向研究设计，纳入客观睡眠评估和心理测量方法，以研究因果关系。
