Peñalver José M G, González-García Carlos, Palenciano Ana F, López-García David, Ruz María
Mind, Brain and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Data Science & Computational Intelligence Institute, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.
Imaging Neurosci (Camb). 2024 Oct 4;2. doi: 10.1162/imag_a_00302. eCollection 2024.
Preparation is a top-down phenomenon known to improve performance across different situations. In light of recent electrophysiological findings that suggest that anticipatory neural preactivations linked to preparation are context-specific and do not generalize across domains, in the current study we used fMRI to investigate the brain regions involved in these differential patterns. We applied multivariate decoding to data obtained in a paradigm where, in different blocks, cues provided information about the relevance or probability of incoming target stimuli. Results showed that the anticipated stimulus category was preactivated in both conditions, mostly in different brain regions within the ventral visual cortex and with differential overlap with actual target perception. Crucially, there was scarce cross-classification across attention and expectation contexts except on a patch of the fusiform gyrus, indicating mostly differential neural coding of anticipated contents in relevance and probability scenarios. Finally, a model-based fMRI-EEG fusion showed that these regions differentially code for specific conditions during preparation, as well as specifically preparing for category anticipation in a ramping-up manner. Overall, our results stress the specificity of anticipatory neural processing depending on its informative role while highlighting a key hub of commonality in the fusiform gyrus.
准备是一种自上而下的现象，已知它能在不同情况下提高表现。鉴于最近的电生理研究结果表明，与准备相关的预期神经预激活是特定于情境的，不会跨领域泛化，在本研究中，我们使用功能磁共振成像（fMRI）来研究参与这些差异模式的脑区。我们将多变量解码应用于在一个范式中获得的数据，在该范式中，在不同的组块中，线索提供了关于即将到来的目标刺激的相关性或概率的信息。结果表明，在两种情况下，预期的刺激类别都被预激活，主要在腹侧视觉皮层内的不同脑区，并且与实际目标感知有不同程度的重叠。至关重要的是，除了梭状回的一小块区域外，在注意力和预期情境之间几乎没有交叉分类，这表明在相关性和概率情境中，预期内容的神经编码大多是不同的。最后，基于模型的功能磁共振成像 - 脑电图融合显示，这些区域在准备过程中针对特定条件进行不同编码，并且以逐步增强的方式专门为类别预期做准备。总体而言，我们的结果强调了预期神经处理的特异性取决于其信息作用，同时突出了梭状回中的一个关键共性枢纽。
