Zhang Yu, Xin Ying, Zhao Qingshan
State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2025 Jul 30;15(15):1176. doi: 10.3390/nano15151176.
In recent years, Ga-based liquid metals have emerged as a prominent research focus in catalysis, owing to their unique properties, including fluidity, low melting point, high thermal and electrical conductivity, and tunable surface characteristics. This review summarizes the synthesis strategies for Ga-based liquid metal catalysts, with a focus on recent advances in their applications across electrocatalysis, thermal catalysis, photocatalysis, and related fields. In electrocatalysis, these catalysts exhibit potential for reactions such as electrocatalytic CO reduction, electrocatalytic ammonia synthesis, electrocatalytic hydrogen production, and the electrocatalytic oxidation of alcohols. As to thermal catalysis, these catalysts are employed in processes such as alkane dehydrogenation, selective hydrogenation, thermocatalytic CO reduction, thermocatalytic ammonia synthesis, and thermocatalytic plastic degradation. In photocatalysis, they can be used in other photocatalytic reactions such as organic matter degradation and overall water splitting. Furthermore, Ga-based liquid metal catalysts also exhibit distinct advantages in catalytic reactions within battery systems and mechano-driven catalysis, offering innovative concepts and technical pathways for developing novel catalytic systems. Finally, this review discusses the current challenges and future prospects in Ga-based liquid metal catalysis.
近年来，基于镓的液态金属因其独特的性质，包括流动性、低熔点、高导热性和导电性以及可调节的表面特性，已成为催化领域的一个重要研究热点。本综述总结了基于镓的液态金属催化剂的合成策略，重点介绍了其在电催化、热催化、光催化及相关领域应用的最新进展。在电催化中，这些催化剂在电催化CO还原、电催化氨合成、电催化制氢以及醇的电催化氧化等反应中展现出潜力。至于热催化，这些催化剂应用于烷烃脱氢、选择性加氢、热催化CO还原、热催化氨合成以及热催化塑料降解等过程。在光催化中，它们可用于有机物降解和全解水等其他光催化反应。此外，基于镓的液态金属催化剂在电池系统内的催化反应和机械驱动催化中也表现出明显优势，为开发新型催化体系提供了创新理念和技术途径。最后，本综述讨论了基于镓的液态金属催化当前面临的挑战和未来前景。
