Roty Rayane, Lepers Romuald, Mater Adrien
Faculty of Sport Sciences, Laboratoire Inserm UMR1093-CAPS, UFR STAPS, Université Bourgogne Europe, Campus Universitaire, 21000, Dijon Cedex, France.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2025 Aug 13. doi: 10.1007/s00421-025-05902-2.
This study aimed to compare neuromuscular alterations and cardiorespiratory responses induced by eccentric cycling and downhill walking.
Twenty-two healthy young males completed two separate 30 min sessions of eccentric cycling (ECC) and downhill walking (DW) (- 15% incline) at 55% of their maximum heart rate. Oxygen consumption and perceived exertion were recorded. Neuromuscular function was assessed before and after each session through maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) torque, evoked torque at 100 Hz (Dt100) and 10 Hz (Dt10), and maximal voluntary activation level (VAL).
Oxygen consumption was higher during DW, reaching 30 ± 6% VO₂max, compared to 26 ± 5% VO₂max during ECC. Perceived effort increased from 10 ± 5 in DW to 17 ± 9 in ECC. MVC decreased by 20 ± 11% following ECC, remaining stable after DW (- 3 ± 7%). VAL declined by 5 ± 11% in both conditions, while the Dt10/Dt100 ratio decreased by 16 ± 29% exclusively after ECC.
At the same absolute heart rate, ECC resulted in lower oxygen consumption but was perceived as more challenging than DW. ECC induced greater neuromuscular fatigability, particularly affecting excitation-contraction coupling, whereas DW preserved contractile function. These findings suggest that DW may be better tolerated during exercise. Based on this, a progressive approach beginning with DW followed by ECC could serve as a potential strategy for rehabilitation. However, this proposed progression has not been tested in clinical populations, and future studies are needed to explore its feasibility and efficacy.
本研究旨在比较离心骑行和下坡行走所引起的神经肌肉改变及心肺反应。
22名健康年轻男性在最大心率的55%下，分别完成了30分钟的离心骑行（ECC）和下坡行走（DW，坡度为-15%）。记录耗氧量和主观用力感觉。在每次训练前后，通过最大自主收缩（MVC）扭矩、100Hz（Dt100）和10Hz（Dt10）时的诱发扭矩以及最大自主激活水平（VAL）来评估神经肌肉功能。
DW期间的耗氧量更高，达到30±6%的最大摄氧量，而ECC期间为26±5%的最大摄氧量。主观用力感觉从DW时的10±5增加到ECC时的17±9。ECC后MVC下降了20±11%，DW后保持稳定（-3±7%）。两种情况下VAL均下降了5±11%，而仅在ECC后Dt10/Dt100比值下降了16±29%。
在相同的绝对心率下，ECC导致较低的耗氧量，但比DW更具挑战性。ECC引起更大的神经肌肉疲劳性，尤其影响兴奋-收缩偶联，而DW保留了收缩功能。这些发现表明DW在运动期间可能更易于耐受。基于此，从DW开始然后进行ECC的渐进方法可作为一种潜在的康复策略。然而，这种提议的进展尚未在临床人群中进行测试，需要未来的研究来探索其可行性和有效性。
