Younas Waqar, Zuberi Amina, Lodhi Faisal Ahmad, Zaman Muhib, Noorullah Muhammad, Ali Muhammad
Fisheries and Aquaculture Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
Fish Physiol Biochem. 2025 Aug 13;51(4):143. doi: 10.1007/s10695-025-01545-4.
The ongoing growth of aquaculture and reduced fish meal supply leads fish nutritionists to seek alternative protein sources for sustainable aquaculture development. Black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFLM) is gaining importance due to its high protein content with a well-balanced amino acid profile. A 90-day triplicate feeding trial was executed to evaluate the impact of partial and complete replacement of fish meal (FM) with BSFLM in the diet of Oreochromis niloticus. Fingerlings (average body weight:1.23 g) were divided into five groups and reared on 32% CP experimental diets with replacement of FM with BSFLM at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%, respectively. Results indicated the significant effect of FM replacement with BSFLM on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, FCR, activity of digestive enzymes, biochemical indices, intestinal and liver morphology, and expression of growth hormone, myoblast determination protein 1, and Myostatin genes. The 50% followed by 75% replacement of FM demonstrated the most significant positive effect on these parameters, while 100% replacement showed the most notable negative impact. In addition, some parameters like proximate composition, the status of antioxidant enzymes, and expression of stress-related genes heat shock proteins (HSP-70 and HSP-90) did not show any statistical difference among groups except a D100 (100% FM replacement) group, which showed higher activity of CAT, SOD, and mRNA levels of HSPs. Based on current findings, replacing 50% of FM with BSFLM in the diet of O. niloticus is recommended to reduce production costs.
水产养殖的持续增长以及鱼粉供应的减少，促使鱼类营养学家寻找替代蛋白质来源，以实现水产养殖业的可持续发展。黑水虻幼虫粉（BSFLM）因其高蛋白含量和均衡的氨基酸组成而变得越来越重要。进行了一项为期90天的重复投喂试验，以评估在尼罗罗非鱼日粮中用BSFLM部分或完全替代鱼粉（FM）的影响。将鱼苗（平均体重：1.23克）分为五组，分别投喂粗蛋白含量为32%的试验日粮，其中用BSFLM替代FM的比例分别为0%、25%、50%、75%和100%。结果表明，用BSFLM替代FM对尼罗罗非鱼的生长性能、营养物质消化率、饲料系数、消化酶活性、生化指标、肠道和肝脏形态以及生长激素、成肌决定蛋白1和肌肉生长抑制素基因的表达有显著影响。用BSFLM替代50%然后75%的FM对这些参数显示出最显著的积极影响，而100%替代则显示出最明显的负面影响。此外，除了D100（100%替代FM）组外，一些参数如近似组成、抗氧化酶状态和应激相关基因热休克蛋白（HSP - 70和HSP - 90）的表达在各组之间没有显示出任何统计学差异，D100组显示出较高的CAT、SOD活性和HSPs的mRNA水平。基于目前的研究结果，建议在尼罗罗非鱼日粮中用BSFLM替代50%的FM，以降低生产成本。
