Sampaio George Harisson Felinto, Honorato Nathan Ravi Medeiros, Batista Lucas Abrantes, Santana Maricélia de Aquino, Brito Carlos Ramon do Nascimento, Martins Rand Randall, Guedes Paulo Marcos da Matta, Silva Andressa Noronha Barbosa da, Galvão Lúcia Maria da Cunha
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Natal, RN, Brasil.
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Parasitologia, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2025 Aug 8;58:e00632025. doi: 10.1590/0037-8682-0063-2025. eCollection 2025.
The genetic diversity of Trypanosoma cruzi and the epidemiological characteristics of the environments in which the parasite occurs are essential for understanding infection dynamics and controlling Chagas disease. This systematic review aimed to: (i) identify and analyze studies that evaluated the genetic variability and epidemiological aspects of T. cruzi infection in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil; (ii) summarize the information reported in the literature; and (iii) suggest new control strategies tailored to the region's epidemiological profile.
Following the application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 13 studies catalogued in PubMed, the Brazilian Virtual Health Library, Scopus, and the Web of Science were selected.
T. cruzi isolates were primarily obtained from triatomine species Triatoma brasiliensis, Panstrongylus lutzi, and Triatoma pseudomaculata, as well as from wild mammals such as Euphractus sexcinctus, Galea spixii, and humans. A total of 295 T. cruzi isolates were genotyped: 46.5% (137) were identified as Discrete Typing Unit (DTU) I, 29.1% (86) as DTU II, and 20% (59) as DTU III. Mixed infections were detected in 4.4% (13/295) of hosts. Triatomine species were found in both peridomestic and intradomestic environments and were occasionally infected with T. cruzi.
This review provides a comprehensive overview of the circulation of distinct Trypanosoma cruzi genotypes (I, II, and III) in both wild and human-modified environments in Rio Grande do Norte.
克氏锥虫的遗传多样性以及该寄生虫所处环境的流行病学特征对于理解感染动态和控制恰加斯病至关重要。本系统评价旨在：（i）识别和分析评估巴西北里奥格兰德州克氏锥虫感染的遗传变异性和流行病学方面的研究；（ii）总结文献中报道的信息；（iii）提出适合该地区流行病学概况的新控制策略。
在应用纳入和排除标准后，从PubMed、巴西虚拟健康图书馆、Scopus和科学网中筛选出13项研究。
克氏锥虫分离株主要从巴西锥蝽、卢氏锥蝽和伪黄斑锥蝽等锥蝽物种以及犰狳、斯氏栉鼠等野生哺乳动物和人类中获得。总共对295株克氏锥虫分离株进行了基因分型：46.5%（137株）被鉴定为离散型单元（DTU）I，29.1%（86株）为DTU II，20%（59株）为DTU III。在4.4%（13/295）的宿主中检测到混合感染。在家庭周边环境和家庭内部环境中均发现了锥蝽物种，且偶尔感染克氏锥虫。
本综述全面概述了北里奥格兰德州野生和人类改造环境中不同克氏锥虫基因型（I、II和III）的传播情况。
