Wang Christine A, Love William J, Jara Manuel, van Vliet Arnoud H M, Thakur Siddhartha, Lanzas Cristina
Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America.
School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom.
PLoS Comput Biol. 2025 Aug 13;21(8):e1012797. doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1012797.
Campylobacter spp. resistant to fluoroquinolones and macrolides are serious public health threats. Studies aiming to identify risk factors for drug-resistant Campylobacter have narrowly focused on antimicrobial use at the farm level. Using chain graphs, we quantified risk factors for fluoroquinolones- and macrolide-resistance in Campylobacter coli isolated from two distinctive swine production systems, conventional and antibiotic-free (ABF). The chain graphs were learned using genotypic and antimicrobial susceptibility data from 1082 isolates and host exposures obtained through surveys for 14 cohorts of pigs. The gyrA T86I point mutation alone explained at least 58% of the variance in ciprofloxacin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for ABF and 79% in conventional farms. For macrolides, genotype and host exposures explained similar variance in azithromycin and erythromycin MIC. Among host exposures, heavy metal exposures were identified as risk factors in both conventional and ABF. Chain graph models can generate insights into the complex epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance by characterizing context-specific risk factors and facilitating causal discovery.
对氟喹诺酮类和大环内酯类耐药的弯曲杆菌属对公共卫生构成严重威胁。旨在确定耐药弯曲杆菌风险因素的研究主要集中在农场层面的抗菌药物使用上。我们使用链式图，对从两种不同的养猪生产系统（传统养殖和无抗生素养殖）中分离出的大肠弯曲杆菌对氟喹诺酮类和大环内酯类耐药的风险因素进行了量化。链式图是利用1082株分离菌的基因型和药敏数据以及通过对14个猪群的调查获得的宿主暴露情况构建的。仅gyrA T86I点突变就至少解释了无抗生素养殖场中环丙沙星最低抑菌浓度（MIC）变异的58%，以及传统养殖场中79%的变异。对于大环内酯类药物，基因型和宿主暴露情况解释了阿奇霉素和红霉素MIC中相似的变异。在宿主暴露因素中，重金属暴露被确定为传统养殖和无抗生素养殖中的风险因素。链式图模型可以通过描述特定背景下的风险因素并促进因果发现，深入了解抗菌药物耐药性的复杂流行病学。
