Jehanne Quentin, Bénéjat Lucie, Ducournau Astrid, Aptel Johanna, Pivard Marie, Gillet Léo, Jauvain Marine, Lehours Philippe
National Reference Centre for Campylobacters & Helicobacters, Bordeaux, France.
University of Bordeaux, Inserm, UMR 1312, BRIC, BoRdeaux Institute of onCology, Bordeaux, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2025 Feb 13;69(2):e0166824. doi: 10.1128/aac.01668-24. Epub 2024 Dec 31.
Macrolides are the first-line compounds used for the treatment of campylobacteriosis. Macrolide resistance remains low in France, with mutations in being the main associated resistance mechanism. However, two erythromycin methyltransferases have also been identified(B), which is mainly described in animal reservoirs, and (N), which is strictly described in humans. In France, between 2018 and 2023, erythromycin-resistant species strains were systematically sequenced and analyzed an in-house bioinformatics pipeline, leading to the identification of the resistomes, MLST and cgMLST, as well as the characterization of the source of contamination. In this study, the genomes of 280 erythromycin-resistant strains were sequenced over a 6-year period. The identification of erythromycin-associated resistance markers revealed a predominance of mutations, in 90% of cases, but also -type methyltransferases in 10% of cases: 75% for (N) and 25% for (B). Over this period, an important increase in the rate of -positive isolates was observed: 2% in 2018 compared with 13% in 2023, with 10% for (N) and 3% for (B). (N) has been found exclusively within a CRISPR-Cas9 operon, whereas (B) has been found within diverse types of resistance genomic islands. Each (N)- or (B)-positive isolate had at least two other resistance markers (mostly ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, or ampicillin) and often carried aminoglycoside-associated resistance genes. The majority of the -positive isolates were obtained from chicken. The increasing rates of -positive and multiresistant isolates make the monitoring of erythromycin-resistant strains, specifically within the chicken meat production, a topic of serious importance.
大环内酯类药物是用于治疗弯曲杆菌病的一线化合物。在法国，大环内酯类药物的耐药率仍然较低，其中突变是主要的相关耐药机制。然而，还鉴定出了两种红霉素甲基转移酶，即主要在动物宿主中描述的（B）和仅在人类中描述的（N）。在法国，2018年至2023年期间，对耐红霉素弯曲杆菌菌株进行了系统测序，并使用内部生物信息学管道进行分析，从而鉴定出耐药基因组、多位点序列分型（MLST）和核心多位点序列分型（cgMLST），以及污染来源的特征。在本研究中，在6年时间里对280株耐红霉素菌株的基因组进行了测序。红霉素相关耐药标志物的鉴定显示，在90%的病例中主要是突变，但在10%的病例中也存在 - 型甲基转移酶：（N）占75%，（B）占25%。在此期间，观察到 - 阳性分离株的比例有显著增加：2018年为2%，而2023年为13%，其中（N）为10%，（B）为3%。（N）仅在CRISPR - Cas9操纵子内被发现，而（B）在多种类型的耐药基因组岛中被发现。每个（N）或（B）阳性分离株至少还有两个其他耐药标志物（主要是环丙沙星、四环素或氨苄青霉素），并且通常携带氨基糖苷类相关耐药基因。大多数 - 阳性分离株来自鸡肉。 - 阳性和多重耐药分离株比例的增加使得监测耐红霉素弯曲杆菌菌株，特别是在鸡肉生产过程中，成为一个极其重要的问题。
