Zhu Lei, Qiu Fengqi, Liu Chengyong, Gu Wenzhe, Ma Chenyang, Song Tianqi, Zhang Peng
China Coal Energy Research Institute Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710054, China.
College of Energy Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 13;15(1):29653. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-14762-x.
The pipeline conveying system as the gangue slurry filling technology lifeline. The occurrence of pipeline blockage will lead to the paralysis of the entire filling system; timely detection of pipeline blockage and early warning are needed to ensure the safe, stable, and efficient operation of the core elements of the coal gangue slurry filling system. Based on this, this paper summarizes and analyzes the classification of pipeline blockage and summarizes the current pipeline conveying blockage detection technologies. It elaborates in detail on the principles and advantages and disadvantages of existing pipeline blockage detection technologies, and points out that distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensor (DAS), as an emerging fiber optic detection technology in recent years, can achieve high-precision, large-scale, real-time dynamic and distributed acoustic detection, Compared with traditional monitoring for pipeline blockage, it is more suitable for detecting blockage in coal gangue slurry pipeline conveying; then from the sensing principle of distributed fiber optic acoustic wave sensing technology, it discusses the current status of DAS technology application, analyzes the pipeline blockage DAS detection mechanism, and verifies the feasibility of pipeline conveying blockage detection based on the distributed fiber optic acoustic wave sensing technology by building a pipeline blockage DAS detection simulation experiment system; finally, it puts forward the feasibility of distributed fiber optic acoustic wave sensing technology; finally, it puts forward the feasibility of distributed fiber optic wave sensing technology detection. Finally, a pipeline blockage DAS detection and identification system is proposed, the function of each subsystem is introduced, and the core key technology involved in the pipeline blockage DAS detection and identification system is analyzed in detail, and the future development direction of gangue slurry pipeline conveying blockage DAS detection technology is also pointed out in order to provide reference for the development of the subsequent gangue slurry pipeline blockage and other pipeline conveying blockage DAS detection technology.
管道输送系统是煤矸石浆充填技术的生命线。管道堵塞的发生将导致整个充填系统瘫痪；需要及时检测管道堵塞并进行预警，以确保煤矸石浆充填系统核心部件的安全、稳定和高效运行。基于此，本文总结分析了管道堵塞的分类，归纳了当前管道输送堵塞检测技术。详细阐述了现有管道堵塞检测技术的原理、优缺点，指出分布式光纤声波传感器（DAS）作为近年来新兴的光纤检测技术，能够实现高精度、大规模、实时动态和分布式声学检测，相较于传统的管道堵塞监测，更适合检测煤矸石浆管道输送中的堵塞情况；接着从分布式光纤声波传感技术的传感原理出发，探讨了DAS技术的应用现状，分析了管道堵塞的DAS检测机理，并通过搭建管道堵塞DAS检测模拟实验系统验证了基于分布式光纤声波传感技术进行管道输送堵塞检测的可行性；最后提出了分布式光纤声波传感技术检测的可行性；最后提出了一种管道堵塞DAS检测与识别系统，介绍了各子系统的功能，详细分析了管道堵塞DAS检测与识别系统所涉及的核心关键技术，还指出了煤矸石浆管道输送堵塞DAS检测技术未来的发展方向，以期为后续煤矸石浆管道堵塞及其他管道输送堵塞DAS检测技术的发展提供参考。
