Réant Benjamin L L, Deakin Cameron N, MacKenzie Ross E, Goodwin Conrad A P
Centre for Radiochemistry Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Nat Rev Chem. 2025 Aug 13. doi: 10.1038/s41570-025-00732-4.
Coordination chemistry is a tool to reveal the hidden nature of elements through controlled manipulation of their environment, and the benefits that this understanding has brought society are numerous. For a chemist, the actinide series represents an intriguing frontier wherein conventional chemical intuition yields to relativistic effects and atypical technical challenges influence the pace of progress. Much of the chemical understanding of transuranium elements was developed during and shortly after the Manhattan Project and was borne out of practical needs. Although theoretical interest in their fundamental bonding and behaviour has always existed, synthesis-led exploration was often not possible. Synthetic, analytical and computational advancements in the twenty-first century have changed this, and contemporary synthetic transuranium coordination chemistry has begun to reveal that their properties are more nuanced than previously appreciated. In this Review, we discuss the discovery of transuranium elements, their history and the logistical demands inherent to chemical advancement in the area, and present key progress in transuranium organometallic and selected metal-organic chemistry, with a focus on how the field has begun to mature.
配位化学是一种通过对元素环境进行可控操纵来揭示其隐藏本质的工具，这种认识给社会带来的益处众多。对于化学家而言，锕系元素代表着一个引人入胜的前沿领域，在其中传统化学直觉让位于相对论效应，而非典型的技术挑战影响着进展的速度。对超铀元素的许多化学认识是在曼哈顿计划期间及之后不久发展起来的，并且源于实际需求。尽管对其基本键合和行为的理论兴趣一直存在，但以合成为主导的探索往往是不可能的。21世纪的合成、分析和计算进展改变了这一状况，当代合成超铀配位化学已开始揭示其性质比以前所认识的更为细微。在本综述中，我们讨论超铀元素的发现、它们的历史以及该领域化学进展所固有的后勤需求，并介绍超铀有机金属化学和选定的金属有机化学的关键进展，重点关注该领域是如何开始走向成熟的。
