Li Ruitong, Qu Yujia, Liu Zhiyuan, Wang Yan
Department of Education, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China.
Department of Health and Physical Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Healthcare (Basel). 2025 Aug 5;13(15):1913. doi: 10.3390/healthcare13151913.
(1) : Rapid population aging in China intensifies physical and mental health challenges, including negative emotions and social barriers. Physical activity (PA) fosters resilience, adaptability, and successful aging through emotional and social benefits. This study examines the relationship between square-dancing exercise and psychological capital (PsyCap) in middle-aged and elderly individuals using cross-validation, subgroup analysis, and a cross-sequential design. (2) : A cross-sectional study with 5714 participants employed a serial mediation model. Online questionnaires assessed square-dancing exercise, cognitive reappraisal, prosocial behavior tendencies, PsyCap, and interpersonal relationships. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS 27.0 and Mplus 8.3, incorporating correlation analysis, structural equation modeling, and subgroup comparisons. (3) : (a) Cognitive reappraisal and prosocial behavior mediated the link between square-dancing and PsyCap through three pathways; (b) model stability was confirmed across two random subsamples; (c) cross-group differences emerged in age and interpersonal relationships. Compared with secondary data, this study further validated PsyCap's stability over six months post-pandemic. (4) : The study, based on China's largest square-dancing sample, establishes a robust serial mediation model. The findings strengthen theoretical foundations for PA-based interventions promoting psychological resilience in aging populations, highlighting structured exercise's role in mental and social well-being.
(1)：中国人口的快速老龄化加剧了身心健康挑战，包括负面情绪和社会障碍。体育活动通过带来情感和社会效益，培养恢复力、适应能力并助力成功老龄化。本研究采用交叉验证、亚组分析和交叉序列设计，探讨广场舞锻炼与中老年人心理资本之间的关系。(2)：一项针对5714名参与者的横断面研究采用了串行中介模型。在线问卷评估了广场舞锻炼、认知重评、亲社会行为倾向、心理资本和人际关系。使用SPSS 27.0和Mplus 8.3进行统计分析，包括相关分析、结构方程建模和亚组比较。(3)：(a)认知重评和亲社会行为通过三条途径介导了广场舞与心理资本之间的联系；(b)在两个随机子样本中证实了模型的稳定性；(c)在年龄和人际关系方面出现了跨组差异。与二次数据相比，本研究进一步验证了疫情后六个月心理资本的稳定性。(4)：该研究基于中国最大的广场舞样本，建立了一个稳健的串行中介模型。研究结果加强了基于体育活动的干预措施促进老年人群心理恢复力的理论基础，并突出了结构化锻炼在心理和社会福祉中的作用。
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