Zeng Yanjing, Long Qing, Jiang Yan, Li Jieqian, Rao Zhenzhen, Zhong Jie, Guo Jia
Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, 172 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, China.
Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, 172 Tongzipo Road, Changsha 410013, China.
Nutrients. 2025 Jul 29;17(15):2478. doi: 10.3390/nu17152478.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Prioritizing diet- or exercise-related self-efficacy and social support with their interactions may improve the effectiveness of interventions aimed at increasing daily fruit/vegetable intake and exercise, thereby reducing the risk of metabolic disorders in abdominally obese women. This study aimed to identify the profiles of diet- or exercise-related self-efficacy and social support among women with abdominal obesity, examine profiles related to insufficient fruit/vegetable intake and exercise, and explore associating factors of these profiles.
A cross-sectional investigation in central south mainland China collected sociodemographic, anthropometric, and health-related variables, diet-related self-efficacy (Diet-SE) and social support (Diet-SS), exercise-related self-efficacy (Exercise-SE) and social support (Exercise-SS), and daily fruit/vegetable intake and exercise. We used latent profile analysis to identify distinct profiles, and binary logistic regression to examine the profiles' behaviors and associating factors.
A total of 327 abdominally obese women were categorized into four profiles of Diet-SE and Diet-SS, and five profiles of Exercise-SE and Exercise-SS. Women in the Diet Dual-Low Group were associated with insufficient daily fruits/vegetables intake. Women in the Exercise Dual-Low Group or Exercise-SS Medium-Low Group were more likely to engage in insufficient daily exercise.
Our findings align with previous evidence that women with low diet- or exercise-related self-efficacy and social support are at increased risk for insufficient daily fruit/vegetable intake or exercise. Additionally, medium Exercise-SS is associated with insufficient exercise behaviors, suggesting that interventions targeting healthy exercise should be initiated earlier among women with medium Exercise-SS, rather than waiting for it to decline to low level.
背景/目的：确定饮食或运动相关自我效能感及社会支持的优先级及其相互作用，可能会提高旨在增加每日水果/蔬菜摄入量和运动量的干预措施的有效性，从而降低腹型肥胖女性患代谢紊乱疾病的风险。本研究旨在确定腹型肥胖女性饮食或运动相关自我效能感及社会支持的特征，研究与水果/蔬菜摄入量不足和运动不足相关的特征，并探索这些特征的相关因素。
在中国中南地区进行的一项横断面调查收集了社会人口统计学、人体测量学及健康相关变量、饮食相关自我效能感（饮食自我效能感）和社会支持（饮食社会支持）、运动相关自我效能感（运动自我效能感）和社会支持（运动社会支持），以及每日水果/蔬菜摄入量和运动量。我们使用潜在类别分析来确定不同的特征，并使用二元逻辑回归来研究这些特征的行为及相关因素。
共有327名腹型肥胖女性被分为饮食自我效能感和饮食社会支持的四种特征类型，以及运动自我效能感和运动社会支持的五种特征类型。饮食双低组的女性每日水果/蔬菜摄入量不足。运动双低组或运动社会支持中低组的女性每日运动量不足的可能性更高。
我们的研究结果与之前的证据一致，即饮食或运动相关自我效能感及社会支持较低的女性每日水果/蔬菜摄入量不足或运动不足的风险增加。此外，中等运动社会支持与运动行为不足有关，这表明对于运动社会支持中等的女性，应尽早开展针对健康运动的干预措施，而不是等到其降至低水平。
