Karabaliev Miroslav, Paarvanova Boyana, Tacheva Bilyana, Savova Gergana, Xiong Yu, Chaiwaree Saranya, Tragoolpua Yingmanee, Bäumler Hans, Georgieva Radostina
Department of Medical Physics, Biophysics and Radiology, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria.
Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Jul 29;26(15):7341. doi: 10.3390/ijms26157341.
The search for artificial blood substitutes that are suitable for safe transfusion in clinical conditions and in extreme situations has gained increasing interest during recent years. Most of the problems related to donor blood could be overcome with hemoglobin sub-micron particles (HbMPs) that are able to bind and deliver oxygen. On the other hand, the length of the circulation time of HbMPs in the bloodstream strongly depends on their surface properties and can be improved with biopolymer coatings. The redox potential of HbMPs and HbMPs coated with biopolymers using the layer-by-layer technique (LbL-HbMPs) is related to the energy required for electron transfer upon transition from an oxidized to a reduced state. It can be used as a measure of the stability of Hb against oxidation, which is directly connected with its function as an oxygen carrier. The redox potential of Hb, HbMPs, and LbL-HbMPs was determined by a spectroelectrochemical method utilizing the shift of the Soret peak of Hb upon oxidation/reduction of the iron in the heme. The obtained results showed a slight shift in the redox potential of both particle types of about 17 mV towards more negative values compared to the free Hb in the solution. It was demonstrated that the free Hb and the cross-linked Hb in HbMPs and LbL-HbMPs undergo transitions from an oxidized to a reduced state and vice versa several times without Hb destruction. The LbL coating does not affect the redox properties of HbMPs. This ability, as well as the proximity of the obtained redox potentials of Hb, HbMPs, and LbL-HbMPs, indicates that the eventual oxidation of HbMPs in the bloodstream is reversible; thus, HbMPs can be active as artificial oxygen carriers for a longer period of time.
近年来，寻找适合在临床条件和极端情况下安全输血的人造血液替代品越来越受到关注。与供血相关的大多数问题都可以通过能够结合并输送氧气的血红蛋白亚微米颗粒（HbMPs）来克服。另一方面，HbMPs在血流中的循环时间长短很大程度上取决于其表面性质，并且可以通过生物聚合物涂层来改善。使用层层技术（LbL-HbMPs）制备的HbMPs和涂覆有生物聚合物的HbMPs的氧化还原电位与从氧化态转变为还原态时电子转移所需的能量有关。它可以用作衡量Hb抗氧化稳定性的指标，而这直接与其作为氧载体的功能相关。Hb、HbMPs和LbL-HbMPs的氧化还原电位通过光谱电化学方法测定，该方法利用血红素中铁氧化/还原时Hb的Soret峰的位移。所得结果表明，与溶液中的游离Hb相比，两种颗粒类型的氧化还原电位均向更负值方向略有偏移，约为17 mV。结果表明，游离Hb以及HbMPs和LbL-HbMPs中的交联Hb在不破坏Hb的情况下多次从氧化态转变为还原态，反之亦然。LbL涂层不影响HbMPs的氧化还原性质。这种能力以及所获得的Hb、HbMPs和LbL-HbMPs氧化还原电位的接近程度表明，HbMPs在血流中的最终氧化是可逆的；因此，HbMPs可以在更长时间内作为活性人造氧载体发挥作用。
