核心肌肉力量训练预防足球运动员腘绳肌损伤效果的系统评价和 Meta 分析
Effectiveness of Injury Prevention Programs With Core Muscle Strengthening Exercises to Reduce the Incidence of Hamstring Injury Among Soccer Players: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
机构信息
Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Physical Education, College of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Bahrain, Sakhir, Bahrain.
出版信息
Sports Health. 2023 Nov-Dec;15(6):805-813. doi: 10.1177/19417381231170815. Epub 2023 May 4.
CONTEXT
Muscles in the hamstring group are frequently injured in sporting activities. Injury prevention programs (IPPs), including eccentric training of the hamstrings, have proven to be of great value in decreasing the injury rate of hamstring muscles.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the effectiveness of IPPs that include core muscle strengthening exercises (CMSEs) in reducing hamstring injury rates.
DATA SOURCES
This systematic review with meta-analysis was based upon the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A systematic search was conducted for relevant studies published from 1985 to 2021 using the following databases: Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, AMED, PubMed, Web of Science, and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro).
STUDY SELECTION
The initial electronic search found 2694 randomized controlled trials (RCTs). After removing duplicate entries, 1374 articles were screened by their titles and abstracts, and 53 full-text records were assessed, of which 43 were excluded. The remaining 10 articles were reviewed in detail, from which 5 studies met our inclusion criteria and were included in the current meta-analysis.
STUDY DESIGN
Systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Level 1a.
DATA EXTRACTION
Two researchers independently completed the abstract review and performed full-text reviews. A third reviewer was consulted to reach a consensus if any discrepancies were noted. Details were recorded about the participants, methodological aspects, eligibility criteria, intervention data, and outcome measures, including age; number of subjects in the intervention/control group; number of injuries in each group; and the duration, frequency, and intensity of the training conducted in the intervention.
RESULTS
The pooled results of 4728 players and 379,102 exposure hours showed 47% hamstring injury reduction per 1000 h of exposure in the intervention group compared with the control group with an injury risk ratio of 0.53 (95% CI [0.28, 0.98], = 0.04).
CONCLUSION
The results indicate that CMSEs incorporated with IPPs reduce susceptibility and risk of hamstring injuries in soccer players.
背景
在体育活动中，腘绳肌经常受伤。已证实，包括腘绳肌离心训练在内的损伤预防计划（IPPs）对于降低腘绳肌损伤率非常有价值。
目的
研究包含核心肌肉强化练习（CMSEs）的 IPP 减少腘绳肌损伤率的效果。
数据来源
本系统评价和荟萃分析是基于系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南进行的。使用以下数据库进行了从 1985 年到 2021 年的相关研究的系统搜索：Cochrane 图书馆、MEDLINE、AMED、PubMed、Web of Science 和物理治疗证据数据库（PEDro）。
研究选择
最初的电子搜索发现了 2694 项随机对照试验（RCTs）。删除重复项后，通过标题和摘要筛选了 1374 篇文章，评估了 53 篇全文记录，其中 43 篇被排除。详细审查了其余 10 篇文章，其中 5 篇符合我们的纳入标准，并纳入了当前的荟萃分析。
研究设计
RCT 的系统评价和荟萃分析。
证据水平
1a 级。
数据提取
两名研究人员独立完成了摘要审查和全文审查。如果注意到任何差异，将咨询第三位评审员以达成共识。记录了有关参与者、方法学方面、纳入标准、干预数据和结局测量的详细信息，包括年龄；干预/对照组中的受试者人数；每组中的损伤人数；以及干预中进行的训练的持续时间、频率和强度。
结果
在纳入的 4728 名运动员和 379,102 小时的暴露数据中，干预组与对照组相比，每 1000 小时的暴露中，腘绳肌损伤减少了 47%，损伤风险比为 0.53（95%CI[0.28,0.98]， = 0.04）。
结论
结果表明，包含核心肌肉强化练习的 IPP 降低了足球运动员腘绳肌受伤的易感性和风险。
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