Gyrgenova Elena A, Titova Yuliya Y, Ivanov Andrey V
A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Favorsky Str. 1, 664033 Irkutsk, Russia.
Molecules. 2025 Aug 4;30(15):3264. doi: 10.3390/molecules30153264.
This review summarises the possible applications and basic methodologies for the synthesis of six-membered polyazo heterocycles, namely, diazines, triazines, and tetrazines. The time period covered by the analysed works ranges from the beginning of the 20th century to the present day. This period was chosen because it was during this time that synthetic chemistry, as defined by physicochemical research methods, became capable of solving such complex problems as efficiently as possible. The first part of the review describes the applications of polyazo heterocyclic compounds, whose frameworks are found in the composition of drugs, dyes, and functional molecules for materials chemistry, as well as in a wide variety of natural compounds and their synthetic analogues. The review also systematises the methods for assembling six-membered aromatic polyazo heterocycles, including intramolecular and sequential cyclisation, which determine the possible structural and functional diversity based on the presence and arrangement of nitrogen atoms and the position of the corresponding substituents.
本综述总结了合成六元聚氮杂环（即二嗪、三嗪和四嗪）的可能应用和基本方法。所分析的著作涵盖的时间范围从20世纪初至今。选择这个时期是因为正是在这段时间里，由物理化学研究方法定义的合成化学能够尽可能高效地解决如此复杂的问题。综述的第一部分描述了聚氮杂环化合物的应用，其骨架存在于药物、染料和材料化学功能分子的组成中，以及各种各样的天然化合物及其合成类似物中。该综述还对组装六元芳香聚氮杂环的方法进行了系统化，包括分子内环化和顺序环化，这些方法根据氮原子的存在和排列以及相应取代基的位置决定了可能的结构和功能多样性。
