Imangaliyeva Assel, Suatbayeva Rimma, Kamalov Islam, Kazybayev Nurbol, Imangaliyev Askar
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kazakh National Medical University Named After S.D. Asfendizarov, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Almaty Multidisciplinary Clinical Hospital, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
J Clin Med Res. 2025 Jul 31;17(7):386-397. doi: 10.14740/jocmr6205. eCollection 2025 Jul.
The main study aims are to determine the incidence of congenital ear abnormalities in children in Kazakhstan and their risk factors. This research examined the medical treatment given to children with congenital malformations and the medical and social aspects impacting them and their parents. It also evaluated congenital ear deformity children's quality of life.
This retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in two public health maternity hospitals in Kazakhstan and aimed to investigate 975 consecutive children delivered therein. The study utilized hospital records to assess various factors related to neonatal health and outcomes in the sampled population.
The study revealed significant associations between congenital ear malformation and various factors: parental consanguinity (P = 0.001), maternal alcohol consumption (P = 0.020), cesarean section (P = 0.000), stillbirth/prenatal mortality (P = 0.005), and maternal medication use (P = 0.002). Surgical interventions comprised 68% of treatments, with non-surgical methods covering all cases, emphasizing a comprehensive approach. Maternal alcohol consumption (P = 0.005) and drug use (P = 0.002) showed notable associations with congenital malformations. Cesarean section (P = 0.048) and lower gestational age (P = 0.001) were linked to prenatal complications. Maternal behaviors like smoking (P = 0.010) and vitamin intake (P = 0.009) also impacted neonatal health.
These findings stress the importance of targeted interventions to mitigate risks in at-risk populations. Congenital ear malformations, influenced by genetics and environment, require targeted interventions. Surgical and non-surgical treatments address physical challenges, emphasizing holistic care for improved quality of life and well-being.
主要研究目的是确定哈萨克斯坦儿童先天性耳部异常的发病率及其危险因素。本研究调查了患有先天性畸形儿童所接受的医疗治疗以及影响他们及其父母的医学和社会方面。它还评估了先天性耳部畸形儿童的生活质量。
这项回顾性横断面研究在哈萨克斯坦的两家公共卫生妇产医院进行，旨在调查在那里连续分娩的975名儿童。该研究利用医院记录评估抽样人群中与新生儿健康和结局相关的各种因素。
该研究揭示了先天性耳部畸形与各种因素之间的显著关联：父母近亲结婚（P = 0.001）、母亲饮酒（P = 0.020）、剖宫产（P = 0.000）、死产/产前死亡率（P = 0.005）以及母亲用药（P = 0.002）。手术干预占治疗的68%，非手术方法涵盖所有病例，强调采用综合方法。母亲饮酒（P = 0.005）和药物使用（P = 0.002）与先天性畸形有显著关联。剖宫产（P = 0.048）和较低的孕周（P = 0.001）与产前并发症有关。母亲的行为如吸烟（P = 0.010）和维生素摄入（P = 0.009）也影响新生儿健康。
这些发现强调了针对性干预以降低高危人群风险的重要性。受遗传和环境影响的先天性耳部畸形需要针对性干预。手术和非手术治疗解决身体挑战，强调全面护理以改善生活质量和幸福感。
