Hu Fen, Jiang Lie, Chen Qiao-Hong, He Bao-Nan
Geological Environment Monitoring Institute of Jiangxi Geological Survey and Exploration Institute, Nanchang 330002, China.
Jiangxi Coalfield Geological Prospecting Research Institute, Nanchang 330002, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2025 Aug 8;46(8):5237-5248. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202405215.
To explore the pollution characteristics, sources, and possible human health risks of soil heavy metals in a coal mine concentration area near western Jiangxi. The Nemerow index method was used to evaluate the characteristics of soil heavy metal pollution in the study area, the correlation of soil heavy metal pollution characteristics was described based on a self-organizing neural network （SOM）, the PMF model was used to trace the soil heavy metal pollution, and the exposure risk model established by EPA was used for health risk assessment. The results showed that the average content of heavy metals in the six soils ranged from 0.25 to 47.47 mg·kg, which were all higher than the soil environmental background value in Jiangxi Province. Only the mean Cd content was higher than the risk screening value in GB15618-2018, and all heavy metal coefficients of variation were relatively high. The Nemerow pollution assessment indicated that the soil around the study area was severely polluted by heavy metals, especially As, Hg, and Cd as typical representatives. SOM-K clustering showed that Cu, Ni, and Cd had good correlation； Cu, As, and Hg had strong correlation； and Pb had obvious differences with other elements. The health risk assessment showed that the hand-mouth ingestion was the main exposure route of heavy metals in soil in the study area. Children in the study area had non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks, while adults had carcinogenic health risks, and children were more exposed to health risks than adults. The comprehensive non-carcinogenic risk indexes （HI） for children and adults were 1.52E+00 and 2.41E-01, respectively. Additionally, the comprehensive carcinogenic risk index （TCR） for children and adults was 4.48E-05 and 2.85E-05, respectively. As was the main contribution index of health risk in the study area. The source analysis showed that the heavy metal sources in the soil of the study area were influenced by industrial dust fall sources, natural sources, coal pollution sources, transportation sources, and agricultural production sources, and their contribution rates were 25.62%, 22.00%, 17.88%, 17.84%, and 16.66%, respectively. It was mainly affected by human factors, which was consistent with the result of the high variation coefficient of soil heavy metals in the study area. The research results can provide theoretical basis for the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution in the soil of the study area.
为探究赣西某煤矿集中区土壤重金属污染特征、来源及对人体健康可能存在的风险。采用内梅罗指数法评价研究区土壤重金属污染特征，基于自组织神经网络（SOM）描述土壤重金属污染特征的相关性，运用PMF模型溯源土壤重金属污染，并采用美国环保署建立的暴露风险模型进行健康风险评估。结果表明，6种土壤中重金属平均含量在0.25～47.47mg·kg之间，均高于江西省土壤环境背景值。仅Cd平均含量高于GB15618—2018中的风险筛选值，且各重金属变异系数均较高。内梅罗污染评价表明，研究区周边土壤受到重金属重度污染，尤其是As、Hg和Cd为典型代表。SOM-K聚类表明，Cu、Ni和Cd相关性良好；Cu、As和Hg相关性较强；Pb与其他元素差异明显。健康风险评估表明，手口摄入是研究区土壤重金属的主要暴露途径。研究区儿童存在非致癌和致癌健康风险，成人存在致癌健康风险，且儿童比成人更易受到健康风险影响。儿童和成人的综合非致癌风险指数（HI）分别为1.52E+00和2.41E-01。此外，儿童和成人的综合致癌风险指数（TCR）分别为4.48E-05和2.85E-05。As是研究区健康风险的主要贡献指标。源解析表明，研究区土壤重金属来源受工业降尘源、自然源、煤炭污染源、交通源和农业生产源影响，其贡献率分别为25.62%、22.00%、17.88%、17.84%和16.66%。主要受人为因素影响，这与研究区土壤重金属变异系数高的结果一致。研究结果可为研究区土壤重金属污染防治提供理论依据。
