Tareque Abu Musa Md Main Uddin, Hassan Lutful, Habib Muhammad Ashraful, Nayak Swati, Robin Arif Hasan Khan
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh.
Rice Breeding Innovation Platform, International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Laguna, 4031, Philippines.
BMC Plant Biol. 2025 Aug 16;25(1):1080. doi: 10.1186/s12870-025-07155-9.
Genetic improvement in aromatic rice is crucial for enhancing its yield, quality, and resilience to environmental stressors. The present study was designed to analyze genetic parameters, heterosis, and inbreeding depression in F and F generations obtained from a crossing between fine and aromatic rice genotypes – Kataribhog and BRRI dhan50.
A significant amount of variation was found from the analysis of variance among the genotypes of F, F, and their parents. Grain yield plant showed a significant positive correlation with the number of tillers hill, number of effective tillers hill, flagleaf length, panicle length, grains panicle, filled grains panicle, and grain yield panicle. For all the traits of F and F, the phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was greater than the corresponding genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), suggesting an influence of environment on the expression of these traits. Furthermore, high heritability along with high genetic advance as percentage of the mean (GAM) was observed for all the traits studied except days to first flowering and plant height in F and for grains panicle, filled grains panicle, grain yield panicle, and grain yield plant in F generations which is an indication of additive gene control and selection for improvement could be effective. Both the cross and reciprocal cross had significant positive heterosis with subsequent inbreeding depression predominantly in the number of tillers hill, grains panicle, filled grains panicle, grain yield panicle, and grain yield plant, excluding days to first flowering suggested the scope for exploitation of heterosis. A higher estimate of transgressive segregation for grain yield plant encouraged further breeding efforts.
This study highlights the potential for developing high-yielding aromatic rice through hybridization and selection. The observed genetic variation, high heritability, and heterosis confirm opportunities for yield improvement. By advancing segregating generations and integrating modern breeding tools, these findings pave the way for developing superior aromatic rice varieties with enhanced productivity and grain quality.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12870-025-07155-9.
香稻的遗传改良对于提高其产量、品质以及对环境胁迫的抗性至关重要。本研究旨在分析优良香型水稻基因型卡塔里博格（Kataribhog）和BRRI dhan50杂交获得的F1和F2代的遗传参数、杂种优势和近交衰退。
对F1、F2及其亲本的基因型进行方差分析，发现存在大量变异。单株产量与每蔸分蘖数、有效分蘖数、剑叶长度、穗长、每穗粒数、实粒数和每穗产量呈显著正相关。对于F1和F2的所有性状，表型变异系数（PCV）大于相应的基因型变异系数（GCV），表明环境对这些性状的表达有影响。此外，除了F1代的始花天数和株高以及F2代的每穗粒数、实粒数、每穗产量和单株产量外，所有研究性状均表现出高遗传力以及较高的遗传进展占均值的百分比（GAM），这表明加性基因控制起作用，选择改良可能有效。正反交均具有显著的正向杂种优势，随后的近交衰退主要体现在每蔸分蘖数、每穗粒数、实粒数、每穗产量和单株产量上，不包括始花天数，这表明存在利用杂种优势的空间。对单株产量的超高亲分离的更高估计鼓励了进一步的育种努力。
本研究突出了通过杂交和选择培育高产香稻的潜力。观察到的遗传变异、高遗传力和杂种优势证实了产量提高的机会。通过推进分离世代并整合现代育种工具，这些发现为培育具有更高生产力和籽粒品质的优良香稻品种铺平了道路。
在线版本包含可在10.118 / s12870-025-07155-9获取的补充材料。
