Kumari Renu, Rastogi Munish, Rastogi Dolly, Kaur Samarjeet, Kumar Atosh, Kanawjia Preeti, Singh Jayvardhan
Physiology, Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi Memorial Medical College, Kanpur, IND.
Medical Microbiology, Institute of Health Sciences, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur, IND.
Cureus. 2025 Jul 15;17(7):e88044. doi: 10.7759/cureus.88044. eCollection 2025 Jul.
Background Primary dysmenorrhea, prevalent among women of reproductive age, manifests as menstrual pain and discomfort localized in the lower abdomen. This study aimed to observe the effect of exercise, omega-3 fatty acids, and the clubbing of exercise and omega-3 supplements on primary dysmenorrhea. Methods A randomized controlled trial was conducted involving young female patients. We assessed a cohort of 72 female patients, aged 18 to 25 years, to determine the effects of exercise and omega-3 fatty acids on primary dysmenorrhea. Parameters such as visual analog scale (VAS) scores, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and complete blood count (CBC) parameters were evaluated before and after the intervention. Results At baseline, no statistically significant differences were detected among the four groups (control, exercise, omega-3, and combined exercise plus omega-3) regarding VAS scores (p=0.605), CRP levels (p=0.164), hemoglobin levels (p=0.104), or platelet counts (p=0.949). Nevertheless, significant differences were identified in ESR (p=0.002) and total leukocyte count (TLC) (p<0.001). The omega-3 group exhibited elevated levels of ESR and TLC, particularly in conjunction with the combined exercise and omega-3 intervention. Following 12 weeks of intervention, notable enhancements were recorded across various parameters. The VAS scores demonstrated a statistically significant reduction across all groups (p=0.023), with the most pronounced alleviation observed in the cohort receiving both exercise and omega-3 supplementation, thereby suggesting an enhanced efficacy in pain relief. Additionally, CRP levels revealed significant intergroup variances (p=0.016), with the exercise group exhibiting the lowest recorded levels. The TLC remained significantly different between the groups (p<0.001), with consistently elevated levels in the omega-3 group and diminished levels in the combined intervention group. Conversely, no statistically significant alterations were detected in ESR (p=0.086), hemoglobin (p=0.077), or platelet counts (p=0.871) at the conclusion of the 12-week evaluation. Conclusion A notable reduction in the intensity of menstrual pain, as quantified by the VAS, an indicator of systemic inflammation, was observed with omega-3 supplementation and exercise. Moreover, the reduction in the ESR and CRP levels also implied that the implemented interventions may have facilitated an anti-inflammatory response.
原发性痛经在育龄女性中普遍存在，表现为下腹部的经期疼痛和不适。本研究旨在观察运动、ω-3脂肪酸以及运动与ω-3补充剂联合使用对原发性痛经的影响。方法：对年轻女性患者进行了一项随机对照试验。我们评估了72名年龄在18至25岁之间的女性患者队列，以确定运动和ω-3脂肪酸对原发性痛经的影响。在干预前后评估了视觉模拟量表（VAS）评分、红细胞沉降率（ESR）、C反应蛋白（CRP）和全血细胞计数（CBC）参数等指标。结果：在基线时，四组（对照组、运动组、ω-3组以及运动与ω-3联合组）在VAS评分（p = 0.605）、CRP水平（p = 0.164）、血红蛋白水平（p = 0.104）或血小板计数（p = 0.949）方面未检测到统计学上的显著差异。然而，在ESR（p = 0.002）和白细胞总数（TLC）（p < 0.001）方面发现了显著差异。ω-3组的ESR和TLC水平升高，特别是在运动与ω-3联合干预组中更为明显。经过12周的干预后，各项参数均有显著改善。所有组的VAS评分均有统计学意义的降低（p = 0.023），在接受运动和ω-3补充剂的队列中疼痛缓解最为明显，这表明在缓解疼痛方面具有更高的疗效。此外，CRP水平显示出显著的组间差异（p = 0.016），运动组的记录水平最低。TLC在组间仍有显著差异（p < 0.001），ω-3组的水平持续升高，而联合干预组的水平降低。相反，在12周评估结束时，ESR（p = 0.086）、血红蛋白（p = 0.077）或血小板计数（p = 0.871）未检测到统计学上的显著变化。结论：通过VAS量化的经期疼痛强度显著降低，VAS是全身炎症的一个指标，ω-3补充剂和运动均有此效果。此外，ESR和CRP水平的降低也意味着所实施的干预可能促进了抗炎反应。
