Paulussen Kevin J M, Hayden Christopher M T, Griffin Taylor, Baar Keith
Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
Matrix Biol Plus. 2025 Aug 8;27:100181. doi: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2025.100181. eCollection 2025 Aug.
Following resistance exercise, systemic changes foster improved functionality of tendons and ligaments. Post-exercise, muscle tissue releases exosomes that are thought to facilitate inter-tissue communication. To determine the potential role of exosomes in the exercise-induced adaptations of tendons and ligaments, we modified our engineered human ligament (EHL) model to work with exosome-enriched serum. Treatment of the EHLs with exosomes enriched from fetal bovine serum (fbEXO) resulted in enhanced ligament mechanics and increased collagen content in a dose-response fashion (maximum tensile load [MTL]: 10 %: 0.196 ± 0.138 N, 20 %: 0.278 ± 0.103 N, 40 %: 0.840 ± 0.092 N; r = 0.858, < 0.0001; collagen content: 10 %: 1.073 ± 12.49 µg, 20 %: 86.43 ± 71.65 µg, 40 %: 145.7 ± 84.11 µg; r = 0.4735, = 0.0046). After optimizing an exosome enriched feeding protocol using fbEXO, we confirmed that exosomes enriched from human serum (hsEXO) could sustain EHL function. Subsequently, twelve healthy, recreationally active volunteers (22 ± 3 y, 1,68 ± 0.10 m, 65.6 ± 27.8 kg; 6F/6M) performed a single bout of resistance exercise. Serum samples were collected prior to and 15 min post-exercise, and exosomes were enriched from these samples for treatment of EHLs. EHL function and collagen content did not differ when treated with hsEXO obtained at rest or post-resistance exercise (MTL: 1.30 ± 0.36 vs. 1.20 ± 0.36 N, = 0.3950; collagen content: 424.6 ± 47.68 vs. 425.2 ± 44.46 µg, = 0.9663). This model provides a novel way to determine the role of exosomes in connective tissue development and adaptation. The identification of circulating exercise factors that enhance tendon and ligament function remains to be fully elucidated.
进行抗阻训练后，全身变化有助于肌腱和韧带功能的改善。运动后，肌肉组织会释放外泌体，据认为这些外泌体有助于组织间的通讯。为了确定外泌体在运动诱导的肌腱和韧带适应性变化中的潜在作用，我们对工程化人韧带（EHL）模型进行了改进，使其能与富含外泌体的血清一起使用。用从胎牛血清中富集的外泌体（fbEXO）处理EHL，导致韧带力学性能增强，胶原蛋白含量呈剂量反应性增加（最大拉伸负荷[MTL]：10%：0.196±0.138N，20%：0.278±0.103N，40%：0.840±0.092N；r = 0.858，P<0.0001；胶原蛋白含量：10%：1.073±12.49μg，20%：86.43±71.65μg，40%：145.7±84.11μg；r = 0.4735，P = 0.0046）。在用fbEXO优化了富含外泌体的喂养方案后，我们证实从人血清中富集的外泌体（hsEXO）可以维持EHL的功能。随后，12名健康的、有休闲运动习惯的志愿者（22±3岁，身高1.68±0.10米，体重65.6±27.8千克；6名女性/6名男性）进行了单次抗阻训练。在运动前和运动后15分钟采集血清样本，并从这些样本中富集外泌体用于处理EHL。用静息时或抗阻训练后获得的hsEXO处理时，EHL功能和胶原蛋白含量没有差异（MTL：1.30±0.36对1.20±0.36N，P = 0.3950；胶原蛋白含量：424.6±47.68对425.2±44.46μg，P = 0.9663）。该模型为确定外泌体在结缔组织发育和适应性变化中的作用提供了一种新方法。增强肌腱和韧带功能的循环运动因子的鉴定仍有待充分阐明。
