Spectral Imaging Techniques in Heart Disease Assessment Using Photon-Counting Detector Computed Tomography.

The photon-counting detector (PCD) system was developed to overcome the limitations of traditional energy-integrating detectors (EIDs) in computed tomography. This technique results in a higher contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), better spatial resolution, and additionally provides detector-based spectral information. Spectral imaging is based on the acquisition and detection of different photon energy spectra. By using spectral information, image quality (IQ) can be improved, and materials can be distinguished; furthermore, their quantity and concentration can be determined. Spectral data-based parameters and reconstructions can be utilized in calcification measurement, luminal stenosis assessment, and myocardium characterization. The aim of this review is to summarize the spectral imaging applications of PCD computed tomography in the assessment of heart diseases.