Ghanbari-Gohari Faezeh, Khaksari Mohammad, Naghibzadeh-Tahami Ahmad, Amirkhosravi Ladan
Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Diabetol Metab Syndr. 2025 Aug 18;17(1):335. doi: 10.1186/s13098-025-01887-2.
Phytosterols (PSs), plant-like organic structures with close similarity to cholesterol, might be useful therapeutically for hypertension, central obesity, dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia, which are components of metabolic syndrome (MetS). This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effects of phytosterol supplementation on MetS components in randomized clinical trials (RCTs).
A systematic search of RCTs published in PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar up to October 18, 2023. was conducted according to the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items of the Guidelines for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) statement. The research was updated by January 3, 2025. A total of 14 RCTS of PS intervention on MetS factor were included in a preliminary screening of the retrieved literature by Endnote 21. We assessed the quality of all included randomized controlled trials using the Cochrane Collaboration's Risk of Bias tool.
PS supplementation resulted in a modest improvement in MetS factors. In particular, fasting blood glucose decreased by about 2%, systolic blood pressure decreased by 3-5%, and triglyceride levels dropped by 19-24%. Waist circumference and HDL cholesterol changes were slight, negligible in most cases.
PS supplementation appears to improve blood pressure, triglyceride levels, and other features of MetS. These findings differ from study to study, and treatment periods were frequently shorter. To fully comprehend the long-term advantages, further well-designed research is required.
植物甾醇（PSs）是与胆固醇结构相似的类植物有机结构，可能对高血压、中心性肥胖、血脂异常和高血糖等代谢综合征（MetS）的组成部分具有治疗作用。本系统评价旨在评估在随机临床试验（RCTs）中补充植物甾醇对代谢综合征各组分的影响。
根据2020年系统评价指南的首选报告项目（PRISMA）声明，对截至2023年10月18日发表在PubMed/Medline、科学网、Embase、Cochrane图书馆和谷歌学术上的随机对照试验进行系统检索。该研究于2025年1月3日更新。通过Endnote 21对检索到的文献进行初步筛选，共纳入14项关于植物甾醇干预代谢综合征因素的随机对照试验。我们使用Cochrane协作网的偏倚风险工具评估所有纳入的随机对照试验的质量。
补充植物甾醇使代谢综合征各因素有适度改善。特别是，空腹血糖下降约2%，收缩压下降3 - 5%，甘油三酯水平下降19 - 24%。腰围和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇变化轻微，在大多数情况下可忽略不计。
补充植物甾醇似乎可改善血压、甘油三酯水平及代谢综合征的其他特征。这些研究结果因研究而异，且治疗期通常较短。为全面了解其长期益处，需要进一步开展设计良好的研究。
