Zio Souleymane, Tarnagda Bakary, Tapsoba François, Zongo Cheikna, Savadogo Aly
Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, Laboratoire de Biochimie et d'Immunologie Appliquées, 03 BP 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
Centre Universitaire de Banfora, Université Nazi BONI, 01 BP, Bobo Dioulasso 01, Burkina Faso.
Heliyon. 2024 Nov 5;10(21):e40132. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40132. eCollection 2024 Nov 15.
Plants and animals are potential sources of food, particularly lipids. They are sources of nutrients for humans, and are used in various applications in food industries. Foods whose lipids consumed, have benefits for animal and human health. Sterols are among the compounds essential to the well-being of living beings. Phytosterols are derived from plants and algae, and zoosterols from animals dominated by cholesterol. Cholesterol is found in small quantities in some plant lipids. Also, cholesterol is produced by herbivorous insects by metabolizing phytosterols. Oilseeds and vegetable oils contain sterols and are the richest natural sources of phytosterols. Vegetables and fruit also contain small quantities. These compounds play an undeniable role in our diet. Foods, particularly vegetable oils, when produced, preserved and used according to established prescriptions, help to ensure consumer health and prevent certain pathologies. Sterols, and in particular phytosterols, play a number of roles in the pharmaceutical field (therapeutic steroids), nutrition (anti-cholesterol, anti-cancer properties). These natural molecules with their nutritional and therapeutic properties have a positive impact on human and animal health, and possibly on vegetative growth (development cycle of plants). The same is true for cholesterol, which has multiple functions in humans and animals. Also, a diet based on plants or their by-products with positive effects on human and animal health is closely in line with the objectives of the 'One health approach'. Indeed, sterols can have adverse effects on health when established standards are not respected. As a result, the health benefits of sterols (cholesterol and phytosterols) require particular attention, given their contribution to the public health problems facing our countries. The aim of the present research is to highlight the health benefits of cholesterol and phytosterols for living organisms, particularly humans, and their contribution to the One Health approach.
植物和动物是潜在的食物来源，尤其是脂质。它们是人类的营养来源，并用于食品工业的各种应用中。食用其脂质的食物对动物和人类健康有益。甾醇是生物健康所必需的化合物之一。植物甾醇来源于植物和藻类，动物甾醇则以胆固醇为主。某些植物脂质中含有少量胆固醇。此外，食草昆虫通过代谢植物甾醇产生胆固醇。油籽和植物油含有甾醇，是植物甾醇最丰富的天然来源。蔬菜和水果也含有少量甾醇。这些化合物在我们的饮食中起着不可否认的作用。食品，特别是植物油，按照既定的配方生产、保存和使用时，有助于确保消费者健康并预防某些疾病。甾醇，特别是植物甾醇，在制药领域（治疗性类固醇）、营养（抗胆固醇、抗癌特性）中发挥着多种作用。这些具有营养和治疗特性的天然分子对人类和动物健康有积极影响，可能对植物的营养生长（植物的发育周期）也有影响。胆固醇也是如此，它在人类和动物中具有多种功能。此外，以对人类和动物健康有积极影响的植物或其副产品为基础的饮食与“同一健康方法”的目标密切一致。事实上，如果不遵守既定标准，甾醇可能对健康产生不利影响。因此，鉴于甾醇（胆固醇和植物甾醇）对我们国家面临的公共卫生问题的影响，它们对健康的益处需要特别关注。本研究的目的是突出胆固醇和植物甾醇对生物体，特别是人类的健康益处，以及它们对“同一健康方法”的贡献。
