Kvaløy Kirsti, Sund Erik Reidar, Rimehaug Tormod, Pape Kristine, Ingul Jo Magne, Rangul Vegar
HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway.
Centre for Sami Health Research, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2025 Aug 18. doi: 10.1007/s00127-025-02978-1.
Using data on Norwegian adolescents, this study aimed to explore changes in mental health, quality of life, somatic health complaints and loneliness from before and one year into the COVID-19 pandemic, also considering the changes according to socioeconomic position (SEP).
The study involved a cross-sectional comparative design with data from Young-HUNT4 (2017-2019) (n = 4347) and Young-HUNT COVID (May/June 2021) (n = 2033), aged 16-19 years. Additionally, longitudinal changes from Young-HUNT4 (n = 1565), aged 13-15 years, with follow-up in Young-HUNT COVID were explored. The impact of SEP was investigated through regression analyses and investigating prevalence changes in high and low SEP groups.
In the cross-sectional comparison, boys and girls reported higher levels of loneliness and mental distress (boys only) into the pandemic compared to before, while general health and quality of life remained stable. Longitudinally, all factors changed adversely except for general health in boys. Comparing younger (13-15 years) with older (16-19 years) adolescents from Young-HUNT4, demonstrated the same adverse pattern as in the longitudinal sample. Poor health, poor quality of life and loneliness were more prevalent in the low compared to the high SEP group. In the low SEP group, mental distress, poor general health and life quality worsened in boys while improved in girls during the study period.
Except for mental distress in boys, general health and life quality did not deteriorate in the study period, although loneliness increased in both sexes. In the low SEP group, girls seemed to cope better than boys where health and well-being even improved.
本研究利用挪威青少年的数据，旨在探讨从新冠疫情之前到疫情爆发一年后青少年心理健康、生活质量、躯体健康问题及孤独感的变化情况，同时考虑社会经济地位（SEP）的变化。
本研究采用横断面比较设计，数据来自于“青年健康追踪调查4（2017 - 2019）”（n = 4347）和“青年健康追踪调查新冠疫情版（2021年5月/6月）”（n = 2033），年龄在16 - 19岁之间。此外，还探讨了“青年健康追踪调查4”（n = 1565）中年龄在13 - 15岁之间且在“青年健康追踪调查新冠疫情版”中进行了随访的青少年的纵向变化。通过回归分析以及调查高、低社会经济地位组患病率的变化来研究社会经济地位的影响。
在横断面比较中，与疫情之前相比，男孩和女孩在疫情期间报告的孤独感和心理困扰水平更高（仅男孩），而总体健康和生活质量保持稳定。纵向来看，除男孩的总体健康外，所有因素均出现了不利变化。将“青年健康追踪调查4”中年龄较小（13 - 15岁）的青少年与年龄较大（16 - 19岁）的青少年进行比较，显示出与纵向样本相同的不利模式。与高社会经济地位组相比，低社会经济地位组的健康状况差、生活质量低和孤独感更为普遍。在低社会经济地位组中，男孩的心理困扰、总体健康状况和生活质量在研究期间恶化，而女孩则有所改善。
除男孩的心理困扰外，尽管两性的孤独感都有所增加，但在研究期间总体健康和生活质量并未恶化。在低社会经济地位组中，女孩在健康和幸福感方面似乎比男孩应对得更好，甚至有所改善。
