A Comparative Analysis of Functional and Aesthetic Outcomes in Brachioplasty Techniques: Posterior, Medial, and Postero-Medial Approaches.

BACKGROUND

Brachioplasty is a critical procedure for upper-arm contouring, particularly in patients with significant skin redundancy following massive weight loss. Different incision techniques-posterior, medial, and postero-medial-offer unique advantages and limitations in balancing aesthetic outcomes, functional improvement, and complication rates.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to compare the functional and aesthetic outcomes of posterior, medial, and postero-medial brachioplasty techniques to determine the most effective approach based on patient satisfaction, scar visibility, and postoperative healing.

METHODS

A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 90 patients who underwent brachioplasty between 2018 and 2023. Patients were divided into three groups based on incision type: posterior (n=30), medial (n=30), and postero-medial (n=30). Outcomes were assessed using the BODY-Q scar satisfaction module, range of motion (ROM) measurements, and surgeon-assessed scar visibility. Complications, including wound dehiscence and hypertrophic scarring, were also evaluated.

RESULTS

The postero-medial approach showed superior outcomes, with 92% of patients rating results as "excellent" or "very good" compared to 72% for the medial group and 58% for the posterior group (p < 0.001). Scar visibility was minimal in the postero-medial group, with lower rates of wound dehiscence (3%) and hypertrophic scarring (5%). Functional improvements were also highest in the postero-medial group, with a mean ROM increase of 18° ± 2° compared to 12° ± 3° in the posterior group (p < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS

The postero-medial approach offers the best balance between aesthetic and functional outcomes while minimizing complications. It is recommended as the preferred technique for upper-arm contouring in patients with moderate to severe skin redundancy.

BULLET POINT

Aesthetic scar placement, optimal access to adipose tissue and excess skin, preservation of neurovascular structures.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV

This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .