关于药物治疗的信念、健康焦虑以及教育对2型糖尿病患者治疗依从性的影响：一项横断面研究。
Beliefs about medications, health anxiety, and educational impact on treatment adherence in type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study.
作者信息
Kiliç Betülay, Öz Merve Nur
机构信息
University of Health Sciences Turkey, Gulhane Faculty of Nursing, Ankara, Turkey.
出版信息
Medicine (Baltimore). 2025 Aug 15;104(33):e43930. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000043930.
Low medication adherence is one of the leading causes that affect glycemic control and the achievement of target levels for type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It is hypothesized that negative beliefs about medications and high health anxiety may reduce adherence, while positive treatment beliefs could enhance it. This study aims to assess the impact of treatment beliefs and health anxiety on medication adherence among individuals with T2DM. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 356 T2DM patients. The study was conducted between July 2022 and January 2023 in a state hospital in Turkiye. Data were collected using the Morisky Green Levine Medication Adherence Scale (MGLS), the beliefs about medicines questionnaire [BMQ-Turkish translation (BMQ-T)] and the health anxiety inventory (HAI). According to the study's findings, 42.7% of the participants adhered to the treatment. The mean age of the participants was 60.64 ± 12.13 years. It was found that with a low level of education, namely illiterate patients (β = 1.625, P = .003) and primary school graduates (β = 0.995, P = .008), the BMQ-T subscales of specific necessity (β = -0.340, P = .016) and general harm (β = 0.445, P = .001) had an independent predictor effect on medication adherence scores. Health anxiety was not found to affect treatment adherence (P = .947). Based on the findings of this study, low education levels, along with negative beliefs about the necessity of treatment and concerns about medication harm, are significant independent predictors of low medication adherence. To improve adherence, targeted educational interventions should be developed to address these misconceptions, focusing on patients with lower education levels. Additionally, policy changes should integrate structured educational programs and guidance on the benefits and safety of treatment, ensuring long-term adherence support for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
药物依从性低是影响血糖控制和实现2型糖尿病（T2DM）目标水平的主要原因之一。据推测，对药物的负面信念和高度的健康焦虑可能会降低依从性，而积极的治疗信念则可能增强依从性。本研究旨在评估治疗信念和健康焦虑对T2DM患者药物依从性的影响。这项横断面研究对356名T2DM患者进行。该研究于2022年7月至2023年1月在土耳其的一家国立医院进行。使用Morisky Green Levine药物依从性量表（MGLS）、药物信念问卷[土耳其语翻译版（BMQ-T）]和健康焦虑量表（HAI）收集数据。根据研究结果，42.7%的参与者坚持治疗。参与者的平均年龄为60.64±12.13岁。研究发现，教育水平较低的人群，即文盲患者（β=1.625，P=.003）和小学毕业生（β=0.995，P=.008），BMQ-T特定必要性子量表（β=-0.340，P=.016）和一般危害子量表（β=0.445，P=.001）对药物依从性得分具有独立预测作用。未发现健康焦虑会影响治疗依从性（P=.947）。基于本研究结果，低教育水平以及对治疗必要性的负面信念和对药物危害的担忧是药物依从性低的重要独立预测因素。为了提高依从性，应制定有针对性的教育干预措施来解决这些误解，重点关注教育水平较低的患者。此外，政策变化应纳入结构化教育项目以及关于治疗益处和安全性的指导，确保为2型糖尿病患者提供长期的依从性支持。
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