Kjellstrand P, Bjerkemo M, Adler-Maihofer M, Holmquist B
Acta Pharmacol Toxicol (Copenh). 1985 Oct;57(4):242-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0773.1985.tb00038.x.
In female and male mice the effect of exposure to trichloroethylene (TCE) seen at the lowest concentration is an increase in liver weight. The activity of plasma butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) increases even more than the liver weight at corresponding concentrations, but only in the males. Depletion of testosterone through castration or destruction of the pituitary gland or hypothalamus, are the only other ways to experimentally induce corresponding increases in BuChE. Plasma BuChE activity increase was found to be a common reaction after exposure to TCE, perchloroethylene, chloroform, methylene chloride and carbon tetrachloride and also after exposure to ethanol. Other solvents such as toluene, xylene, benzene and 1,1,1-trichloroethane had little or no effect on BuChE activity. Normal and castrated male mice were continuously exposed for one month to 150 p.p.m. TCE. The increase in BuChE activity after the exposure was of the same magnitude as the increase seen after castration. BuChE activity in castrated males was not further increased by TCE exposure. Administration of testosterone with osmotic minipumps for 13 days almost restored the normal testosterone and BuChE levels in castrates. The effect of TCE exposure on BuChE activity in these animals was the same as on normal males. Testosterone levels were not influenced by the TCE exposure in normal males or in castrates given testosterone. No sex hormone binding globulins (SHBG) could be detected in the mice. BuChE activity changes induced through solvent exposure are therefore neither directly nor indirectly (through SHBG) due to effects on testosterone. The results from these animal experiments do not support the epidemiological findings of decreased testosterone levels in humans exposed to solvents.
在雌性和雄性小鼠中，最低浓度的三氯乙烯（TCE）暴露所产生的影响是肝脏重量增加。在相应浓度下，血浆丁酰胆碱酯酶（BuChE）的活性增加幅度甚至超过肝脏重量，但仅在雄性小鼠中如此。通过阉割、破坏垂体或下丘脑来消耗睾酮，是实验性诱导BuChE相应增加的唯一其他方法。发现血浆BuChE活性增加是暴露于TCE、全氯乙烯、氯仿、二氯甲烷和四氯化碳后以及暴露于乙醇后的常见反应。其他溶剂，如甲苯、二甲苯、苯和1,1,1 - 三氯乙烷对BuChE活性几乎没有影响或没有影响。正常和阉割的雄性小鼠连续一个月暴露于150 ppm的TCE。暴露后BuChE活性的增加幅度与阉割后观察到的增加幅度相同。TCE暴露并未使阉割雄性小鼠的BuChE活性进一步增加。用渗透微型泵给予睾酮13天几乎恢复了阉割小鼠的正常睾酮和BuChE水平。TCE暴露对这些动物BuChE活性的影响与对正常雄性小鼠的影响相同。正常雄性小鼠或给予睾酮的阉割小鼠的睾酮水平不受TCE暴露的影响。在小鼠中未检测到性激素结合球蛋白（SHBG）。因此，通过溶剂暴露诱导的BuChE活性变化既不是直接也不是间接（通过SHBG）由于对睾酮的影响。这些动物实验的结果不支持接触溶剂的人类睾酮水平降低的流行病学研究结果。
