Gómez-Vela María, Orgaz Baz Mª Begoña, Vicario-Molina Isabel, Ortega Eva González, Corbella Marta Badia
Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamientos Psicológicos, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
Departamento de Psicología Básica, Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
BMC Psychol. 2025 Aug 19;13(1):943. doi: 10.1186/s40359-025-03205-x.
The Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth (PEM-CY) captures a child's participation across home, school, and community-based activities as well as environmental factors perceived as supporting/hindering this participation. This tool has been translated into Spanish for use in the United States and Colombia but there are linguistic and sociocultural differences between these countries and Spain. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a country-specific measure to promote environment-based interventions for Spanish children with disabilities. This study aims to adapt the PEM-CY for use with children and youth in Spain, and to investigate its psychometric properties.
Seven hundred thirteen parents of children with (n = 233) and without (n = 480) disabilities, aged 5 to 17, completed the Spanish version of PEM-CY. For the test-retest reliability study, 30 of these parents completed the instrument twice.
Internal consistency (0.58-0.97) and test-retest reliability (0.31-0.92) ranged from moderate to very satisfactory, according to Cronbach's alpha and intraclass correlation coefficients. Discriminant validity, assessed through two-way ANOVA, was supported by significant differences between children with and without disabilities on participation and environment scales (p < .05). Some significant age differences were identified for participation at home and school. Validity was supported by a significant negative Pearson's correlation (-0.32 to -0.41, p < .05) between desire for change and overall environmental supports.
The Spanish version of the PEM-CY is a valid and reliable tool to determine the participation and associated environmental factors in Spanish children and youth, with and without disabilities. It provides useful information for designing environment-based interventions to promote their participation.
儿童和青少年参与及环境测量工具（PEM - CY）涵盖了儿童在家庭、学校和社区活动中的参与情况，以及被认为支持/阻碍这种参与的环境因素。该工具已被翻译成西班牙语，用于美国和哥伦比亚，但这些国家与西班牙之间存在语言和社会文化差异。因此，有必要开发一种针对特定国家的测量工具，以促进针对西班牙残疾儿童的基于环境的干预措施。本研究旨在使PEM - CY适用于西班牙的儿童和青少年，并调查其心理测量特性。
713名5至17岁有残疾（n = 233）和无残疾（n = 480）儿童的家长完成了西班牙语版的PEM - CY。在重测信度研究中，其中30名家长两次完成了该工具。
根据Cronbach's alpha系数和组内相关系数，内部一致性（0.58 - 0.97）和重测信度（0.31 - 0.92）从中度到非常令人满意。通过双向方差分析评估的区分效度得到支持，有残疾和无残疾儿童在参与和环境量表上存在显著差异（p <.05）。在家中和学校的参与方面发现了一些显著的年龄差异。渴望改变与总体环境支持之间存在显著的负Pearson相关性（-0.32至-0.41，p <.05），这支持了效度。
西班牙语版的PEM - CY是一种有效且可靠的工具，可用于确定西班牙有残疾和无残疾儿童及青少年的参与情况和相关环境因素。它为设计基于环境的干预措施以促进他们的参与提供了有用信息。
