Tomaszewska Katarzyna, Kowalczuk Krystyna, Sobolewski Marek, Majchrowicz Bożena
Department of Nursing, Institute of Health Protection, The Bronisław Markiewicz Academy of Applied Sciences, Jarosław, Poland.
Department of Integrated Medical Care, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland.
Front Public Health. 2025 Jul 29;13:1597455. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1597455. eCollection 2025.
The professional competence of nurses is a pivotal factor in ensuring patient safety and significantly influences the quality of care delivered. In line with the guidelines of the International Council of Nurses and the World Health Organization, educational programs for nursing professionals must emphasize the development of both psychosocial and psychomotor competencies to maintain high training standards. Additionally, effective quality management in healthcare institutions necessitates continuous monitoring of nurses' competencies, encompassing not only practical skills but also interpersonal abilities.
The aim of this study was to translate and adapt the Soft Skills Questionnaire for Nurses into a Polish-language version and to evaluate its reliability and validity as an instrument for assessing nurses' soft skills.
The validation study was conducted from April to June 2024 among a cohort of 496 actively practicing nurses in Poland. A two-stage validation process was employed. The first stage involved the linguistic and cultural adaptation of the original questionnaire into Polish, following formal authorization from the original authors. The second stage entailed a psychometric evaluation of the translated instrument. Participants completed the questionnaire twice, with a 1-month interval between administrations to assess test-retest reliability. The internal consistency of each subscale was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Agreement between the two sets of responses was analyzed by calculating descriptive statistics for both time points, followed by assessment of the differences using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The strength and direction of association between the two administrations were examined using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Additionally, test-retest reliability was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), providing further evidence of the tool's stability over time.
The questionnaire comprised three distinct subscales designed to evaluate key domains of soft skills: communication skills (NCS-Nursing Communication Skills), confidentiality (CON-Confidentiality), and management and emotional intelligence (MEI-Management and Emotional Intelligence). The internal consistency of the NCS subscale was relatively high, with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.669, approaching the commonly accepted threshold of 0.70 for satisfactory reliability. The CON subscale demonstrated a slightly lower internal consistency (α = 0.601), while the MEI subscale yielded the lowest internal consistency (α = 0.544), suggesting potential variability in item coherence within this domain. Despite these moderate reliability indices, all additional statistical analyses supported the robustness of the questionnaire. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test revealed no statistically significant differences between the test and retest administrations ( > 0.05), indicating the absence of systematic response shifts over time. Furthermore, Spearman's rank correlation coefficients between the two administrations were exceptionally high (r > 0.90), and test-retest reliability, as assessed by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), also exceeded 0.90 across all subscales. These findings indicate that the Polish adaptation of the demonstrates strong temporal stability and satisfactory psychometric performance, supporting its suitability for use in both clinical assessments and empirical research on soft skills within the nursing profession.
护士的专业能力是确保患者安全的关键因素，对所提供护理的质量有重大影响。根据国际护士理事会和世界卫生组织的指导方针，护理专业人员的教育计划必须强调心理社会和心理运动能力的发展，以维持高标准的培训。此外，医疗机构有效的质量管理需要持续监测护士的能力，这不仅包括实践技能，还包括人际能力。
本研究的目的是将《护士软技能问卷》翻译成波兰语版本并进行改编，并评估其作为评估护士软技能工具的信度和效度。
2024年4月至6月对波兰496名在职护士进行了验证研究。采用两阶段验证过程。第一阶段是在获得原作者正式授权后，将原始问卷进行语言和文化上的改编，使其成为波兰语版本。第二阶段对翻译后的工具进行心理测量评估。参与者分两次完成问卷，两次施测间隔1个月，以评估重测信度。使用克朗巴赫α系数评估每个子量表的内部一致性。通过计算两个时间点的描述性统计量来分析两组回答之间的一致性，然后使用威尔科克森符号秩检验评估差异。使用斯皮尔曼等级相关系数检验两次施测之间关联的强度和方向。此外，使用组内相关系数（ICC）评估重测信度，为该工具随时间的稳定性提供进一步证据。
该问卷包括三个不同的子量表，旨在评估软技能的关键领域：沟通技能（NCS - 护理沟通技能）、保密性（CON - 保密性）以及管理和情商（MEI - 管理和情商）。NCS子量表的内部一致性相对较高，克朗巴赫α系数为0.669，接近普遍接受的0.70的可靠性阈值。CON子量表的内部一致性略低（α = 0.601），而MEI子量表的内部一致性最低（α = 0.544），表明该领域内项目连贯性存在潜在差异。尽管这些信度指标中等，但所有其他统计分析都支持该问卷的稳健性。威尔科克森符号秩检验显示测试和重测之间没有统计学上的显著差异（>0.05），表明随着时间推移没有系统的反应偏差。此外，两次施测之间的斯皮尔曼等级相关系数非常高（r>0.90），并且通过组内相关系数（ICC）评估的重测信度在所有子量表中也超过了0.90。这些结果表明，波兰语改编版的[问卷名称未给出]具有很强的时间稳定性和令人满意的心理测量性能，支持其适用于护理专业软技能的临床评估和实证研究。
