Nomi Manato, Kumaki Ryota, Takehira Rieko, Arita Etsuko, Kishimoto Keiko
Saera Co., Ltd., Saera Pharmacy Todakōen Branch, Japan.
Department of Social Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
Explor Res Clin Soc Pharm. 2025 Aug 5;20:100642. doi: 10.1016/j.rcsop.2025.100642. eCollection 2025 Dec.
This study aimed to determine whether community pharmacists perceive barriers to providing medication guidance for gender-specific diseases and to clarify whether these perceived barriers are influenced by pharmacist and patient gender concordance or discordance.
A web-based survey was conducted with pharmacists from five pharmacy groups in Japan. The questionnaire evaluated pharmacists' hesitancy and uncertainty in knowledge using a 7-point Likert scale across 10 gender-specific and three nongender-specific diseases. Each disease was examined under conditions of gender concordance and discordance between a pharmacist and patient. Results were visualized using scatter plots, and the factors contributing to barriers were examined using multivariable logistic regression.
A total of 1315 responses were obtained, including 696 from female pharmacists and 583 from male pharmacists. Among the 10 gender-specific diseases, 9 were in the first quadrant, indicating high hesitancy and uncertainty under gender discordance. However, some diseases exhibited high perceived barriers even under gender concordance. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that pharmacists' implicit assumptions, such as perceiving patients' unwillingness to receive guidance, significantly contributed to stronger perceived barriers. Furthermore, neither years of professional experience nor medication guidance frequency was associated with reduced barriers.
Community pharmacists perceived significant barriers to providing medication guidance for certain gender-specific diseases. These barriers existed in cases of gender discordance and concordance with patients. Pharmacists' experience alone is insufficient to reduce these perceptions, highlighting the need for educational interventions addressing implicit assumptions related to gender-specific care.
本研究旨在确定社区药剂师是否察觉到在为特定性别疾病提供用药指导方面存在障碍，并阐明这些察觉到的障碍是否受到药剂师与患者性别一致或不一致的影响。
对日本五个药房组的药剂师进行了一项基于网络的调查。问卷使用7分李克特量表评估药剂师在10种特定性别疾病和3种非特定性别疾病方面知识的犹豫程度和不确定性。每种疾病在药剂师与患者性别一致和不一致的情况下进行考察。结果用散点图可视化，使用多变量逻辑回归分析造成障碍的因素。
共获得1315份回复，其中女性药剂师696份，男性药剂师583份。在10种特定性别疾病中，9种位于第一象限，表明在性别不一致时犹豫程度和不确定性较高。然而，有些疾病即使在性别一致时也表现出较高的察觉到的障碍。多变量逻辑回归分析显示，药剂师的隐性假设，如认为患者不愿意接受指导，显著导致更强的察觉到的障碍。此外，专业经验年限和用药指导频率均与障碍减少无关。
社区药剂师察觉到在为某些特定性别疾病提供用药指导方面存在重大障碍。这些障碍在与患者性别不一致和一致的情况下均存在。仅药剂师的经验不足以减少这些认知，这凸显了开展教育干预以解决与特定性别护理相关的隐性假设的必要性。
