Pargar Farideh, Rabiei Zeinab, Keramat Afsaneh
Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery Shahroud University of Medical Sciences Shahroud Iran.
Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery Bushehr University of Medical Sciences Bushehr Iran.
Health Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 19;8(8):e71103. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.71103. eCollection 2025 Aug.
During the coronavirus pandemic, several factors such as stress, depression, infection, and vaccination against the COVID-19 virus have caused changes in the menstrual cycle.
OBJECTIVE & AIMS: This systematic review intended to provide a comprehensive interpretation of the changes in the menstrual cycle of women of reproductive age and menopause after coronavirus vaccination. Method: Electronic databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, Cochrane, SAGE, Springer, Google Scholar, and CINHAL were searched for published studies from March 2020 to June 2023. Of the 682 references identified in the initial search, 27 studies met the inclusion criteria.
The results of this systematic review showed that COVID-19 vaccination is associated with a wide range of menstrual disorders in women of reproductive age and postmenopausal women. The most commonly reported disorders were menorrhagia, delayed menstruation, changes in menstrual cycle length, spotting between periods, and increased bleeding volume. In postmenopausal women, complications such as spotting and resumption of bleeding were also observed. Although the prevalence and incidence of each disorder varied across studies, these findings suggest that vaccination can lead to changes in the menstrual cycle.
COVID-19 vaccination may lead to menstrual disorders in women of reproductive and postmenopausal age, which can cause concern and reduce social and psychological quality of life. However, these effects are usually temporary and transient, resolving after a few menstrual cycles. Further studies are needed to investigate the possible mechanisms of this association and identify associated risk factors.
在新冠疫情期间，压力、抑郁、感染以及针对新冠病毒的疫苗接种等多种因素导致了月经周期的变化。
本系统评价旨在全面解读育龄期及绝经后女性在接种新冠疫苗后月经周期的变化。方法：检索了包括科学网、PubMed、Scopus、ScienceDirect、ProQuest、Cochrane、SAGE、Springer、谷歌学术和CINHAL在内的电子数据库，以查找2020年3月至2023年6月发表的研究。在初步检索中识别出的682篇参考文献中，有27项研究符合纳入标准。
本系统评价的结果表明，新冠疫苗接种与育龄期女性及绝经后女性的多种月经紊乱有关。最常报告的紊乱情况为月经过多、月经推迟、月经周期长度改变、经期之间点滴出血以及出血量增加。在绝经后女性中，也观察到了点滴出血和出血恢复等并发症。尽管各项紊乱的患病率和发病率在不同研究中有所不同，但这些发现表明疫苗接种可导致月经周期发生变化。
新冠疫苗接种可能导致育龄期及绝经后女性出现月经紊乱，这可能引发担忧并降低社会和心理生活质量。然而，这些影响通常是暂时的、短暂的，在几个月经周期后会自行缓解。需要进一步研究来调查这种关联的可能机制并确定相关风险因素。
