Warme G E
Can J Psychiatry. 1985 Dec;30(8):593-6. doi: 10.1177/070674378503000807.
It is argued that there are three modes of psychological explanation that are available and in wide use, but that the three are often unwittingly confounded. These are, identity theory, functionalism and intentionality. Identity theory explains by viewing psychological events as direct products of design, that is, manifestations of brain events. The stance of functionalism is to study psychological events and those past and current stimuli that evoke them. In other words, functionalism studies the way in which psychological events are programmed. Intentionality approaches psychic events as a product of both conscious and unconscious purposes, beliefs, wishes, reasons and meanings, and concludes that it is of considerable worth to treat persons as intentional systems. It is claimed that the demarcation between these explanatory modes is crucial in psychiatric, and especially psychotherapeutic practice and research.
有人认为，存在三种可用且广泛使用的心理学解释模式，但这三种模式常常在不知不觉中被混淆。它们分别是同一性理论、机能主义和意向性。同一性理论通过将心理事件视为设计的直接产物来进行解释，也就是说，将其视为大脑事件的表现。机能主义的立场是研究心理事件以及引发这些事件的过去和当前刺激。换句话说，机能主义研究心理事件的编程方式。意向性将心理事件视为有意识和无意识目的、信念、愿望、理由和意义的产物，并得出结论，将人视为意向性系统具有相当大的价值。据称，这些解释模式之间的界限在精神病学，尤其是心理治疗实践和研究中至关重要。
