Wang Zhaojia, Yu Shiran, Du Xiao, Yan Xuzhen, Xin Yanguo
Department of Cardiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.95 Yong'an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, China.
Experimental and Translational Research Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.95 Yong'an Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100050, China.
Biogerontology. 2025 Aug 23;26(5):169. doi: 10.1007/s10522-025-10309-9.
Aging is a complex biochemical phenomenon that considerably impacts both individual health and societal dynamics. Recent researches have emphasized the essential function of metabolism in the processes of aging and longevity. Metabolites-chemical byproducts produced by the host organism and its symbiotic partners, including the microbiota, are generated through numerous metabolic pathways. In the last fifteen years, major progress has been made in elucidating the metabolism of BCAAs and the detailed molecular mechanisms that connect BCAAs homeostasis to the aging process. The growing body of literature presents a comprehensive view of the tissue- and disease-specific regulatory mechanisms governing BCAAs and their activation of various molecular pathways. These pathways link fluctuations in BCAA levels to the onset and progression of age-related diseases. This review seeks to consolidate current knowledge on the factors influencing BCAA levels and their metabolic pathways. It further aims to elucidate the molecular mechanisms linking dysregulated BCAA homeostasis to age-related diseases, evaluate epidemiological evidence correlating BCAAs with various cardiovascular conditions, and identify gaps in current understanding that warrant further investigation.
衰老 是一种复杂的生化现象，对个体健康和社会动态都有重大影响。最近的研究强调了新陈代谢在衰老和长寿过程中的重要作用。代谢产物是宿主生物体及其共生伙伴（包括微生物群）通过众多代谢途径产生的化学副产品。在过去十五年中，在阐明支链氨基酸（BCAAs）的代谢以及将BCAAs稳态与衰老过程联系起来的详细分子机制方面取得了重大进展。越来越多的文献全面介绍了控制BCAAs的组织特异性和疾病特异性调节机制及其对各种分子途径的激活作用。这些途径将BCAAs水平的波动与年龄相关疾病的发生和发展联系起来。本综述旨在整合有关影响BCAAs水平及其代谢途径的因素的现有知识。它还旨在阐明将失调的BCAAs稳态与年龄相关疾病联系起来的分子机制，评估将BCAAs与各种心血管疾病相关联的流行病学证据，并确定当前认识中需要进一步研究的空白。
