Chen Jie, Li Yanpeng, Xu Han, Zhou Zhang, Chen Dexiang, Ma Xiaomin, Li Yide, Liu Zhanfeng, Lambers Hans, Kuzyakov Yakov
Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, China.
The State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, China.
Glob Chang Biol. 2025 Aug;31(8):e70457. doi: 10.1111/gcb.70457.
High global inputs of nitrogen (N) compared with relatively low inputs of phosphorus (P) increase nutrient imbalances that may cause substantial shifts in plant functional traits and modulate resource utilization strategies, which are associated with soil microbial communities. These community-level trait-based adaptations and the responses of soil microbiomes to the projected nutrient changes remain largely unexplored. Here, we characterized the nutrient-induced shifts in plant functional traits and microbial communities in P-limited tropical rainforest soils by combining spatial multivariate analyses across 160 km of primary and secondary tropical rainforest with an in situ 14-year nutrient addition experiment. The links between plant traits and microbial composition depending on soil N and P contents were examined to test how vegetation regulates the responses of microbial communities to nutrient input. Elevated soil N increased P limitation and thus led to a shift in leaf traits representing a conservative economy, as indicated by increases in leaf N:P ratios and leaf dry matter content. In response to the conservative shift in plant traits, soil bacterial r-strategists, arbuscular mycorrhizal and saprotrophic fungal guilds increased in relative abundance and thus were consistently enriched with increasing N content in soil. Addition of P to soil, however, led to increases in vegetation traits for acquisition economy, characterized by increases in leaf P content, specific leaf area, and trait diversity. With the shift to traits for acquisition in high-P soils, the relative abundance of bacterial K-strategists and ectomycorrhizal fungi rasied. Thus, vegetation traits have selective effects on soil microbiomes to acquire specific functions needed for P acquisition in P deficient tropical soil, which may, in turn, accelerate nutrient cycles and impact soil carbon sequestration. Our results suggest that models need to incorporate plant traits in predicting microbial dynamics and the associated functions under changing nutrient conditions.
与相对较低的磷（P）输入相比，全球氮（N）输入量较高，这加剧了养分失衡，可能导致植物功能性状发生重大变化，并调节与土壤微生物群落相关的资源利用策略。这些基于群落水平性状的适应性以及土壤微生物群落对预计养分变化的响应在很大程度上仍未得到探索。在这里，我们通过结合跨越160公里的原始和次生热带雨林的空间多变量分析以及一项为期14年的原位养分添加实验，来表征磷限制的热带雨林土壤中养分诱导的植物功能性状和微生物群落的变化。研究了取决于土壤氮和磷含量的植物性状与微生物组成之间的联系，以测试植被如何调节微生物群落对养分输入的响应。土壤氮含量升高加剧了磷限制，从而导致代表保守经济的叶片性状发生变化，叶片氮磷比和叶片干物质含量增加表明了这一点。为响应植物性状的保守变化，土壤细菌r策略者、丛枝菌根和腐生真菌类群的相对丰度增加，因此随着土壤氮含量的增加而持续富集。然而，向土壤中添加磷导致以叶片磷含量、比叶面积和性状多样性增加为特征的获取经济的植被性状增加。随着向高磷土壤中获取性状的转变，细菌K策略者和外生菌根真菌的相对丰度增加。因此，植被性状对土壤微生物群落具有选择性作用，以获取缺磷热带土壤中磷获取所需的特定功能，这反过来可能加速养分循环并影响土壤碳固存。我们的结果表明，模型需要纳入植物性状，以预测变化的养分条件下的微生物动态及其相关功能。
