Iqbal Khushboo, Mishra Arti, Sreedharan Smitha Mony
Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Noida, 201313, India.
Department of Botany, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India.
Bioresour Bioprocess. 2025 Aug 25;12(1):91. doi: 10.1186/s40643-025-00908-2.
Plastics are essential components of modern life, and their global demand is increasing daily. They are gaining recognition as a sustainable source for bioplastic production due to their rapid growth, carbon fixation ability, and capacity to utilize various waste streams. It seems that landfill, incineration, chemical treatment, and plastic recycling are not the best options for minimizing plastic pollution. A novel approach A new approach is needed to reduce this pollution. Bioplastics are biodegradable and come with less toxicity, a low carbon footprint, and are a better alternative to fossil-based plastics. This review explores recent advances in algal bioplastics, focusing on key polymers like polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) and polylactic acid (PLA). Special attention is given to the use of genetic tools such as CRISPR-Cas systems to improve yield and carbon flux. Challenges related to downstream processing, low biomass productivity, and environmental variability are also discussed. This review highlights the importance of standardized life cycle assessments (LCAs) to evaluate environmental impact across the entire production chain. Additionally, regulatory frameworks from different countries are compared to identify gaps and promote progressive policy development. The review aims to provide an integrated perspective on the technical innovation, economic feasibility, and policy needed to support the future of algae-based bioplastics.
塑料是现代生活的重要组成部分，全球对其需求与日俱增。由于其快速增长、碳固定能力以及利用各种废物流的能力，它们正被视为生物塑料生产的可持续来源。填埋、焚烧、化学处理和塑料回收似乎并非减少塑料污染的最佳选择。需要一种新方法来减少这种污染。生物塑料可生物降解，毒性较小，碳足迹较低，是化石基塑料的更好替代品。本综述探讨了藻类生物塑料的最新进展，重点关注聚羟基脂肪酸酯（PHA）和聚乳酸（PLA）等关键聚合物。特别关注使用CRISPR-Cas系统等基因工具来提高产量和碳通量。还讨论了与下游加工、低生物质生产力和环境变异性相关的挑战。本综述强调了标准化生命周期评估（LCA）对评估整个生产链环境影响的重要性。此外，还比较了不同国家的监管框架，以找出差距并促进渐进的政策制定。该综述旨在就支持基于藻类的生物塑料未来所需的技术创新、经济可行性和政策提供一个综合视角。
