Alnahdi Haifa, Alghamdi Reem, Alyamani Sarah, Taha Sara, Rayes Raghad, Almadani Aminah, Yassin Heba, Alhamed Latifah, Alhozali Amani M, Alfares Khalid
King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
J Taibah Univ Med Sci. 2025 Aug 5;20(4):507-516. doi: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2025.07.005. eCollection 2025 Aug.
Education and self-management are critical for effective diabetes management. Diabetes self-management education and support facilitate learning of necessary knowledge and skills, by incorporating patient needs and evidence-based standards to improve outcomes. However, adherence to self-management is challenging because of insufficient education. This study assessed self-care management, a standard of care for patients with diabetes mellitus, in Jeddah, KSA.
This cross-sectional study examined self-care practices among patients with diabetes at a tertiary center in Jeddah, KSA. Data were gathered through an online survey conducted from December 2023 to April 2024. Participants included patients 18 years or older with diabetes at King Abdulaziz University Hospital. Healthcare workers and patients without diabetes were excluded. We collected information on demographics; disease duration; medications; adherence; complications; and knowledge and education regarding diabetes management. A revised version of the Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire was used to explore self-care activities in diabetes management. Statistical analysis with the chi-squared test for qualitative variables, Mann-Whitney U test for quantitative non-parametric variables, and Spearman's test for correlation was performed in SPSS 26. < 0.05 indicated statistical significance.
Knowledge regarding hyperglycemia management was adequate in 70 % of participants, but only 45 % were aware of how to adjust medications during illnesses. Physical activity levels were low, and 60 % of participants reported minimal exercise. Participants receiving intensive insulin, compared with those not receiving this therapy, showed a stronger correlation between knowledge and self-care practices (Spearman's correlation coefficient = 0.18; = 0.002). Having more frequent interactions with healthcare providers was associated with higher self-management scores.
Patients with diabetes in KSA had moderate knowledge yet showed knowledge gaps in illness management. Targeted education, particularly for young and newly diagnosed patients, would improve self-care and health outcomes.
教育和自我管理对有效的糖尿病管理至关重要。糖尿病自我管理教育与支持通过纳入患者需求和循证标准来促进必要知识和技能的学习，以改善治疗效果。然而，由于教育不足，坚持自我管理具有挑战性。本研究评估了沙特阿拉伯吉达市糖尿病患者护理标准中的自我护理管理情况。
这项横断面研究调查了沙特阿拉伯吉达市一家三级中心糖尿病患者的自我护理实践。数据通过2023年12月至2024年4月进行的在线调查收集。参与者包括阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王大学医院18岁及以上的糖尿病患者。医护人员和非糖尿病患者被排除在外。我们收集了人口统计学信息、疾病持续时间、药物治疗、依从性、并发症以及有关糖尿病管理的知识和教育情况。糖尿病自我管理问卷的修订版用于探索糖尿病管理中的自我护理活动。在SPSS 26中对定性变量进行卡方检验、对定量非参数变量进行曼-惠特尼U检验以及对相关性进行斯皮尔曼检验。P < 0.05表示具有统计学意义。
70%的参与者对高血糖管理有足够的知识，但只有45%的人知道在生病期间如何调整药物。身体活动水平较低，60%的参与者报告很少运动。与未接受强化胰岛素治疗的参与者相比，接受强化胰岛素治疗的参与者在知识与自我护理实践之间表现出更强的相关性（斯皮尔曼相关系数 = 0.18；P = 0.002）。与医护人员更频繁的互动与更高的自我管理得分相关。
沙特阿拉伯的糖尿病患者有一定的知识，但在疾病管理方面存在知识差距。有针对性的教育，特别是针对年轻患者和新诊断患者，将改善自我护理和健康结局。
