Moore Hazel, Yeoh Daniel, Hughes Carly, Raby Edward, Sandaradura Indy
Therapeutic Guidelines Limited, Melbourne.
Perth Children's Hospital.
Aust Prescr. 2025 Aug;48(4):133-138. doi: 10.18773/austprescr.2025.038.
Aminoglycosides (gentamicin, tobramycin and amikacin) are highly effective parenteral drugs commonly used as initial empirical therapy of serious Gram-negative infections. They have rapid bactericidal activity and relatively low rates of resistance in Australia compared with other antibiotics used to manage Gram-negative infections. Therapeutic Guidelines: Antibiotic was updated in March 2025 and provides new guidance on the role of aminoglycosides, optimised dosing, and drug selection. The guidelines now recommend that dosing in adults is based on lean body weight, and provide calculators to assist with dose calculations. Therapeutic drug monitoring is required when aminoglycoside therapy is expected to continue beyond 48 hours; monitoring the area under the aminoglycoside concentration-time curve is recommended in adults.
氨基糖苷类药物（庆大霉素、妥布霉素和阿米卡星）是高效的肠胃外用药，常用于严重革兰氏阴性菌感染的初始经验性治疗。与用于治疗革兰氏阴性菌感染的其他抗生素相比，它们具有快速杀菌活性，在澳大利亚的耐药率相对较低。《治疗指南：抗生素》于2025年3月更新，提供了关于氨基糖苷类药物的作用、优化给药方案和药物选择的新指导。该指南现在建议成人给药基于瘦体重，并提供计算器以协助剂量计算。当氨基糖苷类治疗预计持续超过48小时时，需要进行治疗药物监测；建议对成人监测氨基糖苷类浓度-时间曲线下面积。
