Barouni Mohsen, Behseresht Maryam, Modabberi Mohammad-Reza, Ostad-Ahmadi Zakieh
Department of Health Management, Health Services Management Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman, Iran.
Addict Health. 2025 Jan;17:1554. doi: 10.34172/ahj.1554. Epub 2025 Jun 11.
The present research aimed to identify the maternal, fetal, and neonatal complications experienced by opioid-dependent mothers (ODMs) within the geographical context of Kerman, Iran.
This study meticulously compared the outcomes of 326 ODMs and an equal number of non-ODMs in Iran, using the data obtained from the Iranian Maternal And Neonatal (IMAN) network, a national health information system in Iran. The selection process involved a census approach, and the participants were carefully matched based on age, gestational age, and nationality. To determine the statistical relationship between opioid dependence during pregnancy and the occurrence of pregnancy and neonatal complications, the chi-square test was employed for analysis.
Women with ODMs exhibited significantly higher rates of placental abruption (=0.01) and chorioamnionitis (=0.04) compared to non-ODMs. Neonates born to ODMs had increased risks of adverse outcomes, including neonatal death (=0.05), respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) related mortality (=0.01), intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) (=0.001), neonatal intensive care unit admission (<0.001), hypoglycemia (=0.006), neurological complications (=0.004), low birth weight (LBW) (<0.001), and meconium-stained amniotic fluid (=0.001). No significant differences were found in congenital anomalies, Apgar scores, or intrauterine fetal death.
Pregnant women with opioid dependence exhibit a heightened susceptibility to antepartum and postpartum complications compared to their non-opioid-dependent counterparts. The sequelae of these complications may be modulated by the caliber of antenatal care received. This research emphasizes the critical importance of consistent clinical management and robust support systems for this population throughout the gestational period and the puerperium.
本研究旨在确定伊朗克尔曼地区阿片类药物依赖母亲（ODMs）所经历的孕产妇、胎儿和新生儿并发症。
本研究利用从伊朗国家卫生信息系统——伊朗孕产妇和新生儿（IMAN）网络获得的数据，对伊朗326名ODMs和同等数量的非ODMs的结局进行了细致比较。选择过程采用普查方法，并根据年龄、孕周和国籍对参与者进行了仔细匹配。为确定孕期阿片类药物依赖与妊娠及新生儿并发症发生之间的统计学关系，采用卡方检验进行分析。
与非ODMs相比，ODMs女性发生胎盘早剥（=0.01）和绒毛膜羊膜炎（=0.04）的比率显著更高。ODMs所生新生儿出现不良结局的风险增加，包括新生儿死亡（=0.05）、呼吸窘迫综合征（RDS）相关死亡率（=0.01）、宫内生长受限（IUGR）（=0.001）、新生儿重症监护病房收治率（<0.001）、低血糖（=0.006）、神经并发症（=0.004）、低出生体重（LBW）（<0.001）和羊水胎粪污染（=0.001）。在先天性异常、阿氏评分或宫内胎儿死亡方面未发现显著差异。
与非阿片类药物依赖的孕妇相比，阿片类药物依赖的孕妇在产前和产后并发症方面的易感性更高。这些并发症的后遗症可能会受到所接受的产前护理质量的调节。本研究强调了在整个孕期和产褥期对这一人群进行持续临床管理和强大支持系统的至关重要性。
