Aydin Banu, Winters Stephen J
Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.
Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden.
Metabolites. 2025 Jul 22;15(8):494. doi: 10.3390/metabo15080494.
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of conditions, including obesity, insulin resistance (IR), dyslipidemia, and hypertension, that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). While studied often in adults, the increasing prevalence of MetS in children and adolescents underscores the need for its early detection and intervention. Among various biomarkers, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) has gained substantial attention due to its associations with metabolic health and disease. This review provides a comprehensive overview of SHBG and its association with MetS, with a focus on the pediatric and adolescent population. The interplay between SHBG, puberty, and metabolic risk factors is explored, including racial and ethnic variations. SHBG plays a crucial role in transporting sex hormones and regulating their bioavailability and has been found to correlate inversely with obesity and IR, two key components of MetS. Puberty represents a critical period during which hormonal changes and metabolic shifts may further influence SHBG levels and metabolic health. Understanding SHBG's role in early metabolic risk detection could provide novel insights into the prevention and management of MetS.
代谢综合征（MetS）是一组病症，包括肥胖、胰岛素抵抗（IR）、血脂异常和高血压，这些病症会增加心血管疾病（CVD）和2型糖尿病（T2DM）的风险。虽然通常在成年人中进行研究，但儿童和青少年中MetS患病率的不断上升凸显了早期检测和干预的必要性。在各种生物标志物中，性激素结合球蛋白（SHBG）因其与代谢健康和疾病的关联而备受关注。本综述全面概述了SHBG及其与MetS的关联，重点关注儿童和青少年人群。探讨了SHBG、青春期和代谢危险因素之间的相互作用，包括种族和民族差异。SHBG在运输性激素和调节其生物利用度方面起着关键作用，并且已发现它与肥胖和IR（MetS的两个关键组成部分）呈负相关。青春期是一个关键时期，在此期间激素变化和代谢转变可能会进一步影响SHBG水平和代谢健康。了解SHBG在早期代谢风险检测中的作用可为MetS的预防和管理提供新的见解。
