Borrallo-Riego Álvaro, García-Mayo María, Gil-Ordóñez Irene, Domínguez-Sánchez Isabel, Guerra-Martín María Dolores
Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain.
Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), 41013 Seville, Spain.
Nurs Rep. 2025 Jul 24;15(8):265. doi: 10.3390/nursrep15080265.
: Cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide and in Spain. Individuals with cancer are at a higher risk of suicide compared to the general population due to both general and disease-specific risk factors. : To update knowledge on nursing care measures to address the risk of suicide in cancer patients. : A narrative review was conducted by searching PubMed, WOS, Scopus, and CINAHL during February and March 2025. The inclusion criteria comprised original qualitative, quantitative, and/or mixed-methods studies related to the topic of the review. : Of the 289 identified studies, 23 were selected. Twelve studies of cancer patients, ten studies of healthcare professionals, and one study of caregivers and survivors were included. Regarding suicide risk factors, eight studies addressed demographic aspects, fifteen socio-economic factors, twenty-one psycho-emotional factors, and seventeen physical factors. Key risk factors included male sex, advanced age, social isolation, lack of social support, hopelessness, and physical deterioration. Seventeen studies highlighted the need for continuous and comprehensive nursing care using validated tools for systematic assessment of suicide risk. Eight emphasised the importance of ongoing training in suicide prevention, which is essential for developing communication skills and improving therapeutic relationships. Five studies underscored the relevance of a holistic approach that addresses the physical, emotional, social, and spiritual dimensions of patient care. Six extended this approach to include family members and caregivers. : Suicide risk in cancer patients is associated with multiple risk factors. Emotional support and a comprehensive, continuous nursing approach-based on systematic assessments, specialised training, and a holistic focus-are key to effective suicide prevention.
癌症是全球和西班牙发病和死亡的主要原因之一。由于一般风险因素和疾病特异性风险因素，癌症患者自杀风险高于普通人群。
更新关于应对癌症患者自杀风险的护理措施的知识。
于2025年2月和3月通过检索PubMed、WOS、Scopus和CINAHL进行叙述性综述。纳入标准包括与综述主题相关的原创定性、定量和/或混合方法研究。
在检索到的289项研究中，选取了23项。其中包括12项关于癌症患者的研究、10项关于医护人员的研究以及1项关于照顾者和幸存者的研究。关于自杀风险因素，8项研究涉及人口统计学方面，15项涉及社会经济因素，21项涉及心理情感因素，17项涉及身体因素。关键风险因素包括男性、高龄、社会孤立、缺乏社会支持、绝望和身体恶化。17项研究强调需要使用经过验证的工具对自杀风险进行系统评估，提供持续和全面的护理。8项研究强调了持续进行自杀预防培训的重要性，这对于培养沟通技巧和改善治疗关系至关重要。5项研究强调了采用整体方法的相关性，该方法涵盖患者护理的身体、情感、社会和精神层面。6项研究将这种方法扩展到包括家庭成员和照顾者。
癌症患者的自杀风险与多种风险因素相关。情感支持以及基于系统评估、专业培训和整体关注的全面、持续护理方法是有效预防自杀的关键。
