Espinel-Jara Viviana Margarita, Tapia-Paguay María Ximena, Tito-Pineda Amparo Paola, López-Aguilar Eva Consuelo, Fernández-Cusimamani Eloy
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Técnica del Norte, Avda. 17 de Julio 5-21, Ibarra 100105, Ecuador.
Department of Crop Sciences and Agroforestry, Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Suchdol, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
Nurs Rep. 2025 Aug 18;15(8):302. doi: 10.3390/nursrep15080302.
: As global populations age, the demand for effective and compassionate geriatric care has intensified. Humanized nursing emphasizes empathy and person-centered care, while community-based nursing builds on local resources and networks to support health and well-being. Together, these approaches offer promising strategies for improving care for older adults. This integrative review explores the evolution, clinical contributions, and implementation barriers of these models. : A comprehensive literature search was performed using PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science, targeting peer-reviewed studies, including qualitative and quantitative studies published between 2010 and 2025, that involved adults aged 60 years and older. Inclusion criteria emphasized humanized and community-based nursing interventions while excluding non-nursing and pediatric-focused studies. Quality appraisal was performed using CASP and JBI checklists, and data were thematically synthesized. : Evidence indicates that these care models significantly improve functional independence and psychosocial well-being and reduce hospital readmissions. For instance, community-based care in Taiwan improved activities of daily living in dementia patients by 15%, while U.S.-based programs reduced depressive symptoms by 30% among Latino older adults. Interdisciplinary, nurse-led interventions in South Korea and Puerto Rico showed a 22% reduction in readmissions and an 85% increase in care access. Despite these benefits, numerous barriers hinder widespread implementation, including workforce shortages, inadequate funding, fragmented healthcare systems, cultural resistance, digital literacy challenges, and policy constraints, particularly in low-resource settings such as the Philippines and Nepal. : These findings underscore the transformative potential of humanized and community-based nursing while highlighting the need for targeted strategies such as task-shifting, inclusive technologies, and policy reform to advance equitable, sustainable geriatric care globally.
随着全球人口老龄化，对有效且富有同情心的老年护理的需求日益增加。人性化护理强调同理心和以患者为中心的护理，而社区护理则基于当地资源和网络来支持健康和福祉。这些方法共同为改善老年人护理提供了有前景的策略。本综合综述探讨了这些模式的演变、临床贡献和实施障碍。
使用PubMed、CINAHL、Scopus和Web of Science进行了全面的文献检索，目标是同行评审研究，包括2010年至2025年发表的定性和定量研究，涉及60岁及以上的成年人。纳入标准强调人性化和基于社区的护理干预，同时排除非护理和以儿科为重点的研究。使用CASP和JBI清单进行质量评估，并对数据进行主题综合。
证据表明，这些护理模式显著提高了功能独立性和心理社会福祉，并减少了医院再入院率。例如，台湾的社区护理使痴呆症患者的日常生活活动能力提高了15%，而美国的项目使拉丁裔老年人的抑郁症状减少了30%。韩国和波多黎各由护士主导的跨学科干预措施使再入院率降低了22%，护理可及性提高了85%。尽管有这些好处，但仍有许多障碍阻碍广泛实施，包括劳动力短缺、资金不足、医疗保健系统碎片化、文化阻力、数字素养挑战和政策限制，特别是在菲律宾和尼泊尔等资源匮乏的地区。
这些发现强调了人性化和社区护理的变革潜力，同时突出了需要采取有针对性的策略，如任务转移、包容性技术和政策改革，以在全球推进公平、可持续的老年护理。
