Samannodi Mohammed, Alwafi Hassan, Muglan Jihad, Tawakul Abdullah, Algahtani Rami M, Almoallim Hani M, Alghamdi Ismail Ahmad, Obaid Majed Sameer, Alkhotani Amar Mohammad A, Alhazmi Aous Sami Hayat, Adly Heba M, Khan Anas A, Alamri Fahad A, Garout Mohammed A
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia.
Trop Med Infect Dis. 2025 Jul 25;10(8):207. doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed10080207.
While efforts have been made to control meningococcal disease or carriage during mass gatherings (MGs), it is still a significant problem. This meta-analysis aims to assess the prevalence and predictors of meningitis carriage during MGs and travel.
PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane were searched from their conception to January 2025. Cohort and cross-sectional studies assessing the prevalence of meningitis carriage and its serotype related to MGs and/or travel, and risk factors associated with its spread, were considered. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used for the quality assessment of studies.
Out of 1301 studies, 25 were considered for this meta-analysis. The largest geographic area involved was Saudi Arabia. A meta-analysis of 24 studies identified a pooled prevalence rate of meningococcal disease or carriage of 15.9% (95%CI: 4.45-27.4%) and the most frequent infecting organisms to be Serotype C (13.9%; 95%CI: -14.7 to 42.5; 4 studies) and A (11.5%; 95%CI: -2.13 to 25.2; 9 studies) among those at MGs or traveling. Age, gender, smoking history, and the vaccination status did not affect the infection risk.
There is an increased prevalence of meningococcal disease and carriage, especially Serogroups A and C, associated with MGs and travel. New interventions and methodologies should be undertaken to control and prevent meningococcal disease or carriage transmission during such events.
尽管人们已努力在大型活动（MGs）期间控制脑膜炎球菌病或带菌情况，但这仍是一个重大问题。本荟萃分析旨在评估大型活动和旅行期间脑膜炎带菌情况的患病率及预测因素。
检索了PubMed、Scopus、Embase和Cochrane数据库，检索时间从建库至2025年1月。纳入评估与大型活动和/或旅行相关的脑膜炎带菌情况及其血清型患病率，以及与传播相关的危险因素的队列研究和横断面研究。采用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表对研究进行质量评估。
在1301项研究中，25项被纳入本荟萃分析。涉及的最大地理区域是沙特阿拉伯。对24项研究的荟萃分析确定，大型活动参与者或旅行者中脑膜炎球菌病或带菌情况的合并患病率为15.9%（95%置信区间：4.45 - 27.4%），最常见的感染菌株是C血清型（13.9%；95%置信区间：-14.7至42.5；4项研究）和A血清型（11.5%；95%置信区间：-2.13至25.2；9项研究）。年龄、性别、吸烟史和疫苗接种状况均不影响感染风险。
与大型活动和旅行相关的脑膜炎球菌病及带菌情况患病率有所上升，尤其是A群和C群。应采取新的干预措施和方法来控制和预防此类活动期间脑膜炎球菌病或带菌传播。
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