Metprommarat Alin, Banharak Samoraphop, Panpanit Ladawan, Chanaboon Sutin, Sittipakorn Surachat
Queen Sirikit Heart Center of the Northeast, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
Department of Gerontological Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 27;15(1):31600. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-15354-5.
Older adults have the highest incidence of delayed treatment, complications, and deaths compared to other age groups. Nevertheless, knowledge and understanding about acute myocardial infarction, especially symptoms and perception of calling for 1669 (emergency services), are needed to inform care-seeking decisions during an acute myocardial infarction. This study aimed to explore the effectiveness of a health education program among patients with acute myocardial infarction. A single-blind randomized controlled trial was applied, and one hundred twenty-two hospitalized older patients with acute myocardial infarction were included between June 2022 and February 2023. The intervention group received a health education program and a handbook; the control group received routine care. The study outcomes were measured before and after receiving the intervention. Finally, t-tests, Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square, Wilcoxon Signed Rank test, and adjusted analysis compared the outcomes. The 115 remaining for data analysis comprised 57 in the control and 58 in the intervention groups. We found that knowledge, perceived susceptibility, benefits of calling 1669, barriers, self-efficacy, cues to action, the possibility of calling 1669, and the first of action when having an acute myocardial infarction were improved. However, two patients in the control group (1455 min to make a decision), while only one in the intervention group (240 min), were readmitted. In conclusion, a health education program improves self-reported knowledge, belief, and decision-making. However, future research should investigate readmission rates and response times further. Finally, educational programs should be tailored to accommodate older adults' specific needs and limitations on clinical practice and research.Clinical Trial Registration Number: TCTR20220602001 on 02/06/2022.
与其他年龄组相比，老年人延迟治疗、并发症和死亡的发生率最高。然而，在急性心肌梗死期间，需要了解和认识急性心肌梗死，特别是症状以及拨打1669（急救服务）的意识，以便为寻求治疗的决策提供依据。本研究旨在探讨健康教育项目对急性心肌梗死患者的有效性。采用单盲随机对照试验，纳入2022年6月至2023年2月期间住院的122例老年急性心肌梗死患者。干预组接受健康教育项目和一本手册；对照组接受常规护理。在接受干预前后测量研究结果。最后，通过t检验、曼-惠特尼U检验、卡方检验、威尔科克森符号秩检验和校正分析比较结果。用于数据分析的115例患者中，对照组57例，干预组58例。我们发现，患者在知识、感知易感性、拨打1669的益处、障碍、自我效能感、行动提示、拨打1669的可能性以及急性心肌梗死发作时的首要行动等方面均有所改善。然而，对照组有2例患者再次入院（做出决定用时1455分钟），而干预组只有1例（240分钟）。总之，健康教育项目可改善自我报告的知识、信念和决策能力。然而，未来的研究应进一步调查再入院率和反应时间。最后，教育项目应进行调整，以适应老年人在临床实践和研究中的特殊需求和局限性。临床试验注册号：2022年6月2日的TCTR20220602001。
