应对转型：一项关于中国护理学硕士毕业生所面临临床挑战的定性研究
Navigating transition: a qualitative study on the clinical challenges faced by Chinese nursing master's graduates.
作者信息
Wang Yanchi, Huang Wei, Xu Xujuan, Xia Qing, Gu Jian
机构信息
Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), Nantong, Jiangsu, 226011, China.
Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226019, China.
出版信息
BMC Nurs. 2025 Aug 27;24(1):1119. doi: 10.1186/s12912-025-03790-7.
BACKGROUND
The transition of nursing master's degree graduates to clinical practice involves complex challenges that can affect patient care and professional satisfaction. Empirical research on this transition in China is notably sparse, highlighting a significant research gap.
OBJECTIVE
To explore the challenges faced by Chinese postgraduate nursing master's students in their clinical work post-graduation using a qualitative approach informed by Meleis' Transition Theory.
METHODS
A qualitative descriptive design was adopted, utilizing phenomenological methods to investigate the clinical challenges faced by Chinese nursing master's graduates. Fifteen graduates of the master's degree in Nursing from four tertiary hospitals in Nantong, China, participated in in-depth semi-structured interviews conducted from June to August 2024. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data.
RESULTS
Six main themes were identified: (1) Professional Identity and Role Conflict, (2) Education and Practice Disconnection, (3) Dissatisfaction with Salary and Development Prospects, (4) Workload Overload and Sustainability Dilemmas, (5) Continuous education and professional title promotion pressure, and (6) Insufficient Research Resources and Support. These six themes are interconnected and mutually influence each other, collectively impacting the transition experience of nursing master's graduates.
CONCLUSION
The findings highlight the multifaceted challenges faced by nursing master's graduates in clinical practice. These insights have significant clinical implications for improving the transition experience and professional development of advanced nursing professionals, ultimately enhancing patient care quality. They also underscore the need for policy initiatives that align nursing education with clinical practice and provide robust support systems for new graduates, ensuring a smoother transition from academic to clinical settings.
背景
护理学硕士毕业生向临床实践的过渡面临着复杂的挑战，这些挑战可能会影响患者护理和职业满意度。在中国，关于这一过渡的实证研究明显匮乏，凸显了显著的研究空白。
目的
采用以梅莱伊斯过渡理论为依据的定性方法，探讨中国护理学硕士研究生毕业后在临床工作中面临的挑战。
方法
采用定性描述性设计，运用现象学方法调查中国护理学硕士毕业生面临的临床挑战。来自中国南通四家三级医院的15名护理学硕士毕业生参与了2024年6月至8月进行的深入半结构化访谈。采用主题分析法对数据进行分析。
结果
确定了六个主要主题：（1）职业认同与角色冲突；（2）教育与实践脱节；（3）对薪资和发展前景不满；（4）工作量过载与可持续性困境；（5）继续教育和职称晋升压力；（6）研究资源和支持不足。这六个主题相互关联、相互影响，共同影响护理学硕士毕业生的过渡经历。
结论
研究结果凸显了护理学硕士毕业生在临床实践中面临的多方面挑战。这些见解对于改善高级护理专业人员的过渡经历和职业发展具有重要的临床意义，最终提高患者护理质量。它们还强调需要出台政策举措，使护理教育与临床实践相匹配，并为新毕业生提供强大的支持系统，确保从学术环境到临床环境的顺利过渡。
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