Doeurk Bros, Leng Sokkeang, Long Zanory, Maquart Pierre-Olivier, Boyer Sébastien
Medical and Veterinary Entomology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, PO Box 983, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
IRD, UMR-247 Evolution, Génome, Comportement, Ecologie, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-Sur-Yvette, France.
Parasit Vectors. 2025 Aug 27;18(1):362. doi: 10.1186/s13071-025-06892-y.
Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus are primary vectors of dengue virus in Cambodia, distributed throughout the country. Climate change is predicted to affect the relative density of these two species, but there is a lack of studies evaluating the impact of temperature on populations of these two species in this region. This study investigates the impact of temperature on the survival, development and longevity of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus from populations collected in Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus populations were collected in Phnom Penh. The experiment was conducted in a climatic chamber with temperatures ranging from 15 °C to 40 °C, with a 5 °C increment between each treatment. Bionomic parameters from the F2 egg hatching rate to the number of F3 eggs produced at each temperature treatment were measured.
Temperature significantly influenced all life history traits of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus. The highest egg hatching rates were observed at 25 °C for Ae. aegypti (97.97%) and 20 °C for Ae. albopictus (90.63%). Larvae of both species could not survive beyond the first stage at 40 °C. During immature stages, development time decreased at higher temperature (35 °C), but mortality was increased. Female longevity peaked at 25 °C for Ae. aegypti (66.7 days) and at 20 °C for Ae. albopictus (22.6 days), with males having significantly shorter lifespans. In addition, the optimal temperature for female survival is predicted higher in Ae. aegypti than in Ae. albopictus, at 27.1 °C and 24.5 °C, respectively. Wing length increased at lower temperatures, with Ae. aegypti consistently longer than Ae. albopictus at 15 °C and 35 °C. Blood-feeding rates were highest at 30 °C for Ae. aegypti (61.0%) and at 25 °C for Ae. albopictus (52.5%).
Aedes albopictus appears better adapted to lower temperatures, whereas Ae. aegypti is better adapted to higher temperatures. Warmer temperatures accelerate mosquito development but also increased mortality and reduced adult longevity, which could influence their ability to transmit pathogens. These findings highlight the critical role of temperature in mosquito biology and emphasize the potential impact of climate change on dengue transmission dynamics in the future.
埃及伊蚊和白纹伊蚊是柬埔寨登革病毒的主要传播媒介，分布于该国各地。预计气候变化会影响这两个物种的相对密度，但缺乏评估温度对该地区这两个物种种群影响的研究。本研究调查了温度对来自柬埔寨金边的埃及伊蚊和白纹伊蚊种群的存活、发育和寿命的影响。
在金边采集埃及伊蚊和白纹伊蚊种群。实验在气候箱中进行，温度范围为15℃至40℃，每次处理之间以5℃递增。测量了从F2代卵孵化率到每个温度处理下产生的F3代卵数量的生物学参数。
温度显著影响埃及伊蚊和白纹伊蚊的所有生活史特征。埃及伊蚊在25℃时观察到最高卵孵化率（97.97%），白纹伊蚊在20℃时最高（90.63%）。两种幼虫在40℃时都无法在第一阶段后存活。在未成熟阶段，较高温度（35℃）下发育时间缩短，但死亡率增加。埃及伊蚊雌蚊寿命在25℃时达到峰值（66.7天），白纹伊蚊在20℃时达到峰值（22.6天），雄蚊寿命明显较短。此外，预测埃及伊蚊雌蚊存活的最适温度高于白纹伊蚊，分别为27.1℃和24.5℃。在较低温度下翅长增加，在15℃和35℃时埃及伊蚊翅长始终长于白纹伊蚊。埃及伊蚊在30℃时吸血率最高（61.0%），白纹伊蚊在25℃时最高（52.5%）。
白纹伊蚊似乎更适应较低温度，而埃及伊蚊更适应较高温度。温度升高会加速蚊子发育，但也会增加死亡率并缩短成虫寿命，这可能会影响它们传播病原体的能力。这些发现突出了温度在蚊子生物学中的关键作用，并强调了气候变化未来对登革热传播动态的潜在影响。
