Sánchez-Alcalá Marcelina, Carcelén-Fraile María Del Carmen, Vico-Rodríguez Paulino, Cano-Orihuela Marta, Carcelén-Fraile María Del Mar
Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Atlántico Medio, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
J Clin Med. 2025 Aug 21;14(16):5900. doi: 10.3390/jcm14165900.
Older adults with mild cognitive impairment are at increased risk for physical decline and falls due to decreased strength, flexibility, balance, and gait. Dance-based aerobic training has emerged as a promising and enjoyable intervention to promote physical function and cognitive stimulation. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a 12-week structured dance-based aerobic program, based on line dancing and Latin rhythms (e.g., salsa, merengue, and bachata), in improving functional capacity and reducing the risk of falls in older adults with mild cognitive impairment. : A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 92 participants aged ≥65 years diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment. The participants were randomly assigned to an experimental group (dance-based training, twice weekly for 12 weeks) or a control group (usual activity). Outcomes included muscle strength (grip dynamometry), flexibility (back scratch and chair sit-and-reach tests), gait speed (Timed Up and Go test), balance (Tinetti scale), and total falls risk score (Tinetti). Mixed ANOVA and Cohen's d were used for statistical analysis. : Significant improvements were observed in the experimental group on all variables compared to the control group. Muscle strength ( < 0.001, d = 0.86), gait speed ( = 0.026, d = 0.48), and upper and lower extremity flexibility (d = 0.43-0.79) improved significantly. The balance and gait components of the Tinetti scale also increased ( = 0.007 and = 0.048, respectively), as did the total Tinetti score ( = 0.002, d = 0.67), indicating a reduction in the risk of falls. : These findings suggest that, under structured conditions, dance-based aerobic training may serve as a promising non-pharmacological strategy to support healthy aging in older adults with mild cognitive impairment, although further validation in larger cohorts is needed.
轻度认知障碍的老年人由于力量、柔韧性、平衡能力和步态下降，身体机能衰退和跌倒的风险增加。基于舞蹈的有氧训练已成为一种有前景且有趣的干预措施，可促进身体机能和认知刺激。本研究旨在评估一项为期12周、基于排舞和拉丁节奏（如萨尔萨舞、梅伦格舞和巴恰塔舞）的结构化舞蹈有氧训练计划，对改善轻度认知障碍老年人的功能能力和降低跌倒风险的效果。：对92名年龄≥65岁、被诊断为轻度认知障碍的参与者进行了一项随机对照试验。参与者被随机分配到实验组（基于舞蹈的训练，每周两次，共12周）或对照组（日常活动）。结果包括肌肉力量（握力测量）、柔韧性（背部抓挠和椅子坐立前屈测试）、步速（定时起立行走测试）、平衡能力（Tinetti量表）和跌倒风险总分（Tinetti量表）。采用混合方差分析和科恩d值进行统计分析。：与对照组相比，实验组在所有变量上均有显著改善。肌肉力量（<0.001，d = 0.86）、步速（= 0.026，d = 0.48）以及上下肢柔韧性（d = 0.43 - 0.79）均有显著提高。Tinetti量表的平衡和步态部分也有所增加（分别为= 0.007和= 0.048），Tinetti总分同样增加（= 0.002，d = 0.67），表明跌倒风险降低。：这些发现表明，在结构化条件下，基于舞蹈的有氧训练可能是一种有前景的非药物策略，有助于轻度认知障碍老年人实现健康老龄化，不过需要在更大规模的队列中进行进一步验证。
