Wurtzel Justinian, Gilbert Paul A, Soweid Loulwa, Maharjan Gaurab
Bureau of HIV, STI, and Hepatitis, Division of Public Health, Iowa Department of Health and Human Services, Des Moines, IA 50319, USA.
Department of Community and Behavioral Health, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52246, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2025 Aug 7;22(8):1230. doi: 10.3390/ijerph22081230.
This study assessed whether COVID-19 pandemic experiences were associated with excessive alcohol use during the first year of the pandemic in Iowa, a heavy-drinking midwestern US state. We analyzed survey data from 4047 adult residents of Iowa collected in August 2020, focusing on three pandemic-related stressors (e.g., emotional reactions to the pandemic; disruption of daily activities; and financial hardship) and salient social support. Using multiple logistic regression, we tested correlates of increased drinking, heavy drinking, and binge drinking, controlling for demographic characteristics and health status. We found that nearly half (47.6%) of respondents did not change their drinking compared to before the pandemic; however, 12.4% of respondents reported increasing their drinking and 5.3% reported decreasing their drinking. Emotional reactions to the pandemic and disruption of daily activities were associated with higher odds of increased drinking, and rurality was associated with lower odds of increased drinking. No pandemic-related stressor was associated with heavy or binge drinking, but social support was associated with lower odds of binge drinking. Thus, we concluded that some pandemic-related stressors may explain increased drinking but not heavy or binge drinking. Understanding the nuances of alcohol use can inform preventive interventions, policy decisions, and preparations for future catastrophic events.
本研究评估了在爱荷华州（美国中西部一个酗酒成风的州）新冠疫情大流行的第一年里，疫情经历是否与过度饮酒有关。我们分析了2020年8月收集的来自4047名爱荷华州成年居民的调查数据，重点关注三个与疫情相关的压力源（例如，对疫情的情绪反应；日常活动的中断；以及经济困难）和显著的社会支持。我们使用多元逻辑回归，在控制人口统计学特征和健康状况的情况下，测试了饮酒增加、酗酒和暴饮的相关因素。我们发现，近一半（47.6%）的受访者与疫情前相比饮酒量没有变化；然而，12.4%的受访者报告饮酒量增加，5.3%的受访者报告饮酒量减少。对疫情的情绪反应和日常活动的中断与饮酒增加的较高几率相关，而农村地区与饮酒增加的较低几率相关。没有与疫情相关的压力源与酗酒或暴饮有关，但社会支持与暴饮的较低几率相关。因此，我们得出结论，一些与疫情相关的压力源可能解释饮酒量增加，但不能解释酗酒或暴饮。了解酒精使用的细微差别可以为预防性干预、政策决策以及应对未来灾难性事件的准备工作提供信息。
