2型糖尿病患者超加工食品的消费与代谢参数：一项横断面研究。

Consumption of Ultra-Processed Foods and Metabolic Parameters in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study.

作者信息

Bauer Julia, Ayala Fernanda Oliveira, Marcadenti Aline, Machado Rachel Helena Vieira, Cristina Bersch-Ferreira Ângela, Moreira Maria Fernanda Souza, Beretta Mileni Vanti, Feoli Ana Maria Pandolfo, Busnello Fernanda Michielin

机构信息

Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre 90050-170, RS, Brazil.

Hcor Research Institute (IP-Hcor), São Paulo 04004-030, SP, Brazil.

出版信息

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2025 Aug 14;22(8):1275. doi: 10.3390/ijerph22081275.

DOI:10.3390/ijerph22081275

PMID:40869860

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12386320/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Understanding how food processing impacts type 2 diabetes (T2DM) control is essential for disease management. This study aimed to assess the association between ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption, as defined by the NOVA classification, and metabolic parameters in T2DM patients.

METHODS

This was a cross-sectional analysis using baseline data from the NUGLIC study, a multicenter randomized clinical trial. Multiple linear and Poisson regressions were used to evaluate associations between quintiles of processed and ultra-processed food consumption and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) as the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included fasting glucose, lipid profile, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference.

RESULTS

This study included 326 participants. UPF consumption accounted for approximately 16.4% of total daily energy intake. No significant linear associations were observed between higher consumption of industrialized foods and anthropometric or glycemic markers. However, intermediate and high consumption levels were associated with an increased total cholesterol (Q3: β = 26.6; Q4: β = 26.7) and LDL-cholesterol (Q4: β = 19.8; Q5: β = 17.5).

CONCLUSION

In T2DM patients, a higher intake of processed and ultra-processed foods was linked to elevated cholesterol and LDL levels. These findings highlight potential cardiovascular risks but do not support causality due to the study's cross-sectional design.

摘要

背景

了解食品加工如何影响2型糖尿病（T2DM）的控制对于疾病管理至关重要。本研究旨在评估根据NOVA分类定义的超加工食品（UPF）消费与T2DM患者代谢参数之间的关联。

方法

这是一项横断面分析，使用了多中心随机临床试验NUGLIC研究的基线数据。采用多元线性回归和泊松回归来评估加工食品和超加工食品消费五分位数与糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）作为主要结局之间的关联。次要结局包括空腹血糖、血脂谱、体重指数（BMI）和腰围。

结果

本研究纳入了326名参与者。UPF消费约占每日总能量摄入的16.4%。未观察到工业化食品的高消费与人体测量或血糖指标之间存在显著的线性关联。然而，中等和高消费水平与总胆固醇升高（Q3：β = 26.6；Q4：β = 26.7）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇升高（Q4：β = 19.8；Q5：β = 17.5）相关。