Krummel T M, Lloyd D A, Rowe M I
J Pediatr Surg. 1985 Dec;20(6):803-9. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3468(85)80047-6.
Twenty surgical newborn infants aged less than 5 days were selected for study to determine the quantity of sodium administered during operation and the subsequent 48 hours, and to determine their response to this sodium load. There were 6 preterm infants with gestational age 35 weeks or less and 14 full-term infants aged more than 35 weeks. Measurements calculated at 12 hourly intervals for 48 hours after operation included sodium intake, sodium excretion, fractional excretion of sodium, and serum sodium. No special guidelines were utilized for fluid management. The mean sodium intake during the 48-hour study period for the term infants was 15.7 mEq/kg, of which 46% was given during the first 12 hours, and for the premature infants was 17.1 mEq/kg, of which 56% was given during the first 12 hours. In the two groups of patients, the amount of sodium given during the first 12 hours was 470% and 480% of their estimated maintenance requirements, respectively. The mean sodium output during the first 12 hours was low in the term group (1.2 mEq/L) and the premature group (1.3 mEq/L), and subsequently increased reaching maximum levels of 2.3 and 2.1 mEq/L, respectively, by 36 hours. The fractional excretion of sodium exceeded 1.0% in 53% of the term and 94% of the preterm infants. During the study period, the mean serum sodium levels exceeded 145 mEq/L (hypernatremia) in 64% of the term and 67% of the preterm infants.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
选取20名出生5天以内的外科手术新生儿进行研究，以确定手术期间及随后48小时内给予的钠量，并确定他们对这种钠负荷的反应。其中有6名孕周35周及以下的早产儿和14名孕周超过35周的足月儿。术后48小时每12小时进行一次测量，包括钠摄入量、钠排泄量、钠排泄分数和血清钠。液体管理未采用特殊指南。足月儿在48小时研究期内的平均钠摄入量为15.7 mEq/kg，其中46%在最初12小时给予；早产儿为17.1 mEq/kg，其中56%在最初12小时给予。两组患者在最初12小时给予的钠量分别是其估计维持需求量的470%和480%（应为4.7倍和4.8倍）。足月儿组和早产儿组最初12小时的平均钠排出量较低（分别为1.2 mEq/L和1.3 mEq/L），随后增加，到36小时时分别达到最高水平2.3 mEq/L和2.1 mEq/L。53%的足月儿和94%的早产儿钠排泄分数超过1.0%。在研究期间，64%的足月儿和67%的早产儿平均血清钠水平超过145 mEq/L（高钠血症）。（摘要截选至250词） 注：原文中“470% and 480% of their estimated maintenance requirements”表述有误，应为“4.7 times and 4.8 times of their estimated maintenance requirements” ，译文括号内为修正内容。
