Fraccalvieri Rosa, Castellana Stefano, Bianco Angelica, Difato Laura Maria, Capozzi Loredana, Del Sambro Laura, Donatiello Adelia, Pugliese Domenico, Tempesta Maria, Parisi Antonio, Caruso Marta
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e della Basilicata, via Manfredonia 20, 71121 Foggia, Italy.
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University Aldo Moro of Bari, Strada per Casamassima Km 3, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy.
Microorganisms. 2025 Jul 29;13(8):1770. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms13081770.
: The spread of ESBL-producing (ESBL-PE) strains in food poses a potential risk to human health. The aim of the study was to determine the occurrence of ESBL-PE and to investigate their distribution on foods. A total of 1000 food samples, including both raw and ready-to-eat products, was analyzed for the presence of ESBL-producing using chromogenic selective agar. Antibiotic resistance in the isolated strains was assessed using conventional methods, while whole-genome sequencing was employed to predict antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes. : The overall occurrence of ESBL-PE strains was 2.8%, with the highest contamination in raw meat samples (10%). A total of 31 multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains was isolated, mainly , followed by , , and . All strains exhibited high levels of resistance to at least four different β-lactam antibiotics, as well as to other antimicrobial classes including sulfonamides, tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, and quinolones. Whole-genome sequencing identified 63 antimicrobial resistance genes, with being the most prevalent ESBL gene. Twenty-eight (90%) isolates carried Inc plasmids, known vectors of multiple antimicrobial resistance genes, including those associated with ESBLs. Furthermore, several virulence genes were identified. : The contamination of food with ESBL-PE represents a potential public health risk, underscoring the importance of the implementation of genomic surveillance to monitor and control the spread of antimicrobial resistance.
产超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL-PE）菌株在食品中的传播对人类健康构成潜在风险。本研究的目的是确定ESBL-PE的发生率，并调查它们在食品中的分布情况。使用显色选择性琼脂对总共1000份食品样本（包括生食品和即食产品）进行分析，以检测产ESBL菌株的存在。使用常规方法评估分离菌株的抗生素耐药性，同时采用全基因组测序来预测抗菌耐药性和毒力基因。ESBL-PE菌株的总体发生率为2.8%，其中生肉样本中的污染率最高（10%）。总共分离出31株多重耐药（MDR）菌株，主要是[此处原文缺失具体菌株信息]，其次是[此处原文缺失具体菌株信息]、[此处原文缺失具体菌株信息]和[此处原文缺失具体菌株信息]。所有菌株对至少四种不同的β-内酰胺类抗生素以及其他抗菌类别（包括磺胺类、四环素类、氨基糖苷类和喹诺酮类）均表现出高度耐药性。全基因组测序鉴定出63个抗菌耐药基因，其中[此处原文缺失具体基因名称]是最普遍的ESBL基因。28株（90%）分离株携带Inc质粒，Inc质粒是多种抗菌耐药基因的已知载体，包括与ESBLs相关的基因。此外，还鉴定出了几种毒力基因。食品被ESBL-PE污染代表了潜在的公共卫生风险，这凸显了实施基因组监测以监测和控制抗菌耐药性传播的重要性。
